ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2010
Impaired apoptotic cell clearance in the germinal center by Mer-deficient tingible body macrophages leads to enhanced antibody-forming cell and germinal center responses.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and DNA Degradation and Elimination Defects.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Pooled it
- Canonical Notch2 signaling regulates development and maintenance of iron-recycling macrophages and iron homeostasis.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Clinical significance of TAM receptor in the minor salivary glands of patients with Sjögren's disease.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Review
- Homeostatic Functions of Tissue-Resident Macrophages and Their Role in Tissue Maintenance.Results and problems in cell differentiation · 2024Review
- The multivalency game ruling the biology of immunity.Biophysics reviews · 2023Review
- Tingible body macrophages arise from lymph node-resident precursors and uptake B cells by dendrites.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2023Article
- Apoptotic cell fragments locally activate tingible body macrophages in the germinal center.Cell · 2023Article
- Building better barriers: how nutrition and undernutrition impact pediatric intestinal health.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- The intestinal microenvironment shapes macrophage and dendritic cell identity and function.Immunology letters · 2023Review
- Investigating the Mechanism of Germinal Center Shutdown.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Mechanisms underpinning poor antibody responses to vaccines in ageing.Immunology letters · 2022Review
- Targeting MERTK and AXL inCancers · 2021Review
- Review
- Defective Efferocytosis in a Murine Model of Sjögren's Syndrome Is Mediated by Dysfunctional Mer Tyrosine Kinase Receptor.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Context-Dependent miR-21 Regulation of TLR7-Mediated Autoimmune and Foreign Antigen-Driven Antibody-Forming Cell and Germinal Center Responses.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2021Article
- Ligand-dependent kinase activity of MERTK drives efferocytosis in human iPSC-derived macrophages.Cell death & disease · 2021Article
- Germinal Centre Shutdown.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Potential Oncogenic Effect of the MERTK-Dependent Apoptotic-Cell Clearance Pathway in Starry-Sky B-Cell Lymphoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Funerals and Feasts: The Immunological Rites of Cell Death.The Yale journal of biology and medicine · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Germinal centers (GCs) are specialized microenvironments that generate high-affinity Ab-forming cells (AFCs) and memory B cells. Many B cells undergo apoptosis during B cell clonal selection in GCs. Although the factors that regulate the AFC and GC responses are not precisely understood, it is widely believed that dysregulated AFCs and GCs contribute to autoimmunity. The Mer receptor tyrosine kinase (Mer) facilitates macrophage clearance of apoptotic cells. The Tyro-3, Axl, and Mer receptors, including Mer, suppress TLRs and cytokine-mediated inflammatory responses. We report in this study that tingible body macrophages (TBMφs) in GCs express Mer. Compared to C57BL/6 (B6) controls, Mer-deficient (Mer(-/-)) mice had significantly higher AFC, GC, and Th1-skewed IgG2 Ab (especially IgG2c) responses against the T cell-dependent Ag (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl) acetyl-chicken γ globulin. Mer(-/-) mice had a significantly higher percentage of GC B cells on days 9, 14, and 21 postimmunization compared with B6 controls. Significantly increased numbers of apoptotic cells accumulated in Mer(-/-) GCs than in B6 GCs, whereas the number of TBMφs remained similar in both strains. Our data are the first, to our knowledge, to demonstrate a critical role for Mer in GC apoptotic cell clearance by TBMφs and have interesting implications for Mer in the regulation of B cell tolerance operative in the AFC and GC pathways.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.