ArticleDiabetes2011
Enterovirus RNA in blood is linked to the development of type 1 diabetes.
Article in Diabetes, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 94 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
94 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 185 citations in OpenAlex.
- The virome in early life and childhood and development of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Reviews in medical virology · 2021Pooled it
- Environmental determinants of islet autoimmunity (ENDIA): a pregnancy to early life cohort study in children at-risk of type 1 diabetes.BMC pediatrics · 2013Trial
- Anti-Coxsackievirus B4 Activity of Serum and Saliva from Mice Exposed to the Virus via the Mucosal Route.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Specification curve analysis of the TEDDY study reveals large variation in microbiome-based T1D predictive performance.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Joint analysis of the nPOD-Virus Group data: the association of enterovirus with type 1 diabetes is supported by multiple markers of infection in pancreas tissue.Diabetologia · 2025Article
- Enterovirus VP1 protein and HLA class I hyperexpression in pancreatic islet cells of organ donors with type 1 diabetes.Diabetologia · 2025Article
- Human Primary Macrophages Can Transmit Coxsackie B4 Virus to Pancreatic Cells In Vitro.Journal of medical virology · 2024Article
- Article
- Viruses and Endocrine Diseases.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Virus induced dysbiosis promotes type 1 diabetes onset.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Editorial: Environmental factors in autoimmunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Article
- Epidemiology of Type 1 Diabetes.Current cardiology reports · 2022Review
- Persistent coxsackievirus B infection and pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2022Review
- Fighting Enteroviral Infections to Prevent Type 1 Diabetes.Microorganisms · 2022Article
- Article
- Enteroviruses and Type 1 Diabetes: Multiple Mechanisms and Factors?Annual review of medicine · 2022Review
- Detection of Antiviral Tissue Responses and Increased Cell Stress in the Pancreatic Islets of Newly Diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes Patients: Results From the DiViD Study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- The role of pathogens in diabetes pathogenesis and the potential of immunoproteomics as a diagnostic and prognostic tool.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Coxsackievirus B Vaccines Prevent Infection-Accelerated Diabetes in NOD Mice and Have No Disease-Inducing Effect.Diabetes · 2021Article
34 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo assess whether the detection of enterovirus RNA in blood predicts the development of clinical type 1 diabetes in a prospective birth cohort study. Further, to study the role of enteroviruses in both the initiation of the process and the progression to type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsThis was a nested case-control study where all case children (N = 38) have progressed to clinical type 1 diabetes. Nondiabetic control children (N = 140) were pairwise matched for sex, date of birth, hospital district, and HLA-DQ-conferred genetic susceptibility to type 1 diabetes. Serum samples, drawn at 3- to 12-month intervals, were screened for enterovirus RNA using RT-PCR.
resultsEnterovirus RNA-positive samples were more frequent among the case subjects than among the control subjects. A total of 5.1% of the samples (17 of 333) in the case group were enterovirus RNA-positive compared with 1.9% of the samples (19 of 993) in the control group (P < 0.01). The strongest risk for type 1 diabetes was related to enterovirus RNA positivity during the 6-month period preceding the first autoantibody-positive sample (odds ratio 7.7 [95% CI 1.9-31.5]). This risk effect was stronger in boys than in girls.
conclusionsThe present study supports the hypothesis that enteroviruses play a role in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes, especially in the initiation of the β-cell damaging process. The enterovirus-associated risk for type 1 diabetes may be stronger in boys than in girls.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.