ArticleIEEE reviews in biomedical engineering2009
Diabetes: Models, Signals, and Control.
Article in IEEE reviews in biomedical engineering, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04315545 (Pregnancy Outcomes and Maternal Insulin Sensitivity), which is not on this map. Cited by 132 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Pregnancy Outcomes and Maternal Insulin Sensitivity
Who cites it
132 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 493 citations in OpenAlex.
- Identification of Main Factors Explaining Glucose Dynamics During and Immediately After Moderate Exercise in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2015Pooled it
- Trial
- Quantification of the glycemic response to microdoses of subcutaneous glucagon at varying insulin levels.Diabetes care · 2014Trial
- Fully integrated artificial pancreas in type 1 diabetes: modular closed-loop glucose control maintains near normoglycemia.Diabetes · 2012Trial
- Platform design of hybrid microphysiological system integrating in vitro and in silico models for reproducing insulin-regulated glucose metabolism.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Toward a Personalized Basal Tuner for Detecting Basal Rate Inaccuracies in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Without Meal Data: Algorithm Development and Retrospective Validation Study.JMIR diabetes · 2025Article
- Event-triggered smart dual hormone artificial pancreas for patient-specific drug delivery.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Abnormal Glucagon Secretion Contributes to a Longitudinal Decline in Glucose Tolerance.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Observational
- Understanding Immune Dynamics in Liver Transplant Through Mathematical Modeling.Bulletin of mathematical biology · 2025Article
- Artificial Pancreas: The First 20 Years.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2025Article
- Postprandial Glucose Turnover Differs Between Adolescents and Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: Triple Tracer Mixed Meal Study.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- Cyber-Physical-Human Systems in Precision Medicine: Advances in Artificial Pancreas for Treatment of Diabetes.Annual reviews in control · 2025Article
- Validation in diabetic rats of a fully automated insulin delivery system based on impulsive offset-free MPC control.PloS one · 2025Article
- Validation of the UVA Simulation Replay Methodology Using Clinical Data: Reproducing a Randomized Clinical Trial.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2024Article
- Diabetes-associated Genetic Variation inJournal of the Endocrine Society · 2024Article
- Predicting Blood Glucose Levels with Organic Neuromorphic Micro-Networks.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- A Personalized Dosing Strategy Optimization for Diabetes Management: Applications to Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.AMIA ... Annual Symposium proceedings. AMIA Symposium · 2024Article
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor blockade impairs islet secretion and glucose metabolism in humans.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2023Article
- Developing the UVA/Padova Type 1 Diabetes Simulator: Modeling, Validation, Refinements, and Utility.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2023Review
- Performance Effect of Adjusting Insulin Sensitivity for Model-Based Automated Insulin Delivery Systems.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2023Article
72 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The control of diabetes is an interdisciplinary endeavor, which includes a significant biomedical engineering component, with traditions of success beginning in the early 1960s. It began with modeling of the insulin-glucose system, and progressed to large-scale in silico experiments, and automated closed-loop control (artificial pancreas). Here, we follow these engineering efforts through the last, almost 50 years. We begin with the now classic minimal modeling approach and discuss a number of subsequent models, which have recently resulted in the first in silico simulation model accepted as substitute to animal trials in the quest for optimal diabetes control. We then review metabolic monitoring, with a particular emphasis on the new continuous glucose sensors, on the analyses of their time-series signals, and on the opportunities that they present for automation of diabetes control. Finally, we review control strategies that have been successfully employed in vivo or in silico, presenting a promise for the development of a future artificial pancreas and, in particular, discuss a modular architecture for building closed-loop control systems, including insulin delivery and patient safety supervision layers. We conclude with a brief discussion of the unique interactions between human physiology, behavioral events, engineering modeling and control relevant to diabetes.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.