Trial reportJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2011
Changes in inflammatory and coagulation biomarkers: a randomized comparison of immediate versus deferred antiretroviral therapy in patients with HIV infection.
Trial report in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02380391 (EValuation of REsidual Platelet REactivity After Acute Coronary Syndrome in HIV-infected Patients. The EVERE2ST-HIV Study.), which is not on this map. Cited by 100 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
EValuation of REsidual Platelet REactivity After Acute Coronary Syndrome in HIV-infected Patients. The EVERE2ST-HIV Study.
Who cites it
100 citing papers in PubMed, 157 citations in OpenAlex.
- Coordination of inflammatory responses in children with perinatally acquired HIV infection.AIDS (London, England) · 2022Trial
- Vorapaxar for HIV-associated inflammation and coagulopathy (ADVICE): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.The lancet. HIV · 2018Trial
- Changes in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors With Immediate Versus Deferred Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation Among HIV-Positive Participants in the START (Strategic Timing of Antiretroviral Treatment) Trial.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2017Trial
- Brief Report: Changes in Levels of Inflammation After Antiretroviral Treatment During Early HIV Infection in AIDS Clinical Trials Group Study A5217.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2017Trial
- Immediate Antiretroviral Therapy Reduces Risk of Infection-Related Cancer During Early HIV Infection.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2016Trial
- The Effectiveness of a Bioactive Food Compound in the Lipid Control of Individuals with HIV/AIDS.Nutrients · 2016Trial
- Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy in Early Asymptomatic HIV Infection.The New England journal of medicine · 2015Trial
- Changes in Inflammation and Immune Activation With Atazanavir-, Raltegravir-, Darunavir-Based Initial Antiviral Therapy: ACTG 5260s.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2015Trial
- Trial
- Switch to raltegravir decreases soluble CD14 in virologically suppressed overweight women: the Women, Integrase and Fat Accumulation Trial.HIV medicine · 2014Trial
- HIV replication alters the composition of extrinsic pathway coagulation factors and increases thrombin generation.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2013Trial
- Evaluation of cardiovascular biomarkers in a randomized trial of fosamprenavir/ritonavir vs. efavirenz with abacavir/lamivudine in underrepresented, antiretroviral-naïve, HIV-infected patients (SUPPORT): 96-week results.BMC infectious diseases · 2013Trial
- Platelet count kinetics following interruption of antiretroviral treatment.AIDS (London, England) · 2013Trial
- The immunological and virological consequences of planned treatment interruptions in children with HIV infection.PloS one · 2013Trial
- Metabolic effects of darunavir/ritonavir versus atazanavir/ritonavir in treatment-naive, HIV type 1-infected subjects over 48 weeks.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2012Trial
- Inflammation predicts changes in high-density lipoprotein particles and apolipoprotein A1 following initiation of antiretroviral therapy.AIDS (London, England) · 2011Trial
- Thromboinflammatory biomarkers and thrombotic risk in virologic failure and drug-resistant HIV: Emerging roles of d-dimer, fibrinogen, and coagulation dysregulation.Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis · 2026Review
- Impact of a factor Xa inhibitor (apixaban) on SIV pathogenesis and response to antiretroviral therapy.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Coagulation is associated with renal function decline and chronic kidney disease in people living with HIV in South Africa.Frontiers in nephrology · 2026Article
- Aging and HIV: Recent Findings in Contributing Factors.AIDS research and treatment · 2025Review
40 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 9 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesAmong a subgroup of participants in the Strategies for Management of Antiretroviral Therapy (SMART) Trial that were naïve to antiretroviral therapy (ART) or off ART (6 months or longer) at study entry, risk of AIDS and serious non-AIDS events were increased for participants who deferred ART compared with those randomized to (re)initiate ART immediately. Our objective was to determine whether ART initiation in this group reduced markers of inflammation and coagulation that have been associated with increased mortality risk in SMART. Changes in these biomarkers have been described after stopping ART, but not after starting ART in SMART.
methodsStored specimens for 254 participants (126 drug conservation [DC] and 128 viral suppression [VS]) who were naïve to ART or off ART (6 months or longer) were analyzed for interleukin-6, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, and D-dimer at baseline and Months 2 and 6.
resultsAt Month 6, 62% of the VS group had HIV RNA less than 400 copies/mL and median CD4 count was 190 cells/mm3 higher than for the DC group (590 versus 400 cells/mm3). Compared with DC, the VS group had 32% (95% confidence interval, 19%-43%) lower D-dimer levels at Month 6 (P < 0.001); differences were not significant for high sensitivity C-reactive protein or interleukin-6 levels.
conclusionsIn this randomized comparison of immediate versus delayed ART initiation, D-dimer, but not interleukin-6 and high sensitivity C-reactive protein, declined significantly after starting ART. Further studies are needed to determine whether improvements in D-dimer are associated with reduced risk of clinical disease and whether adjunct treatments used in combination with ART can reduce inflammation among individuals with HIV infection.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.