ArticleVirology journal2010
Simultaneous detection and differentiation by multiplex real time RT-PCR of highly pathogenic avian influenza subtype H5N1 classic (clade 2.2.1 proper) and escape mutant (clade 2.2.1 variant) lineages in Egypt.
Article in Virology journal, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Full genome sequencing, evolutionary dynamics, and pathogenicity evaluation of chicken infectious anemia virus with emphasis on Upper Egypt reveals genetic variability linked to vaccinal strains.Virology journal · 2026Article
- Epidemiological distribution of respiratory viral pathogens in marketable vaccinated broiler chickens in five governorates in the Nile Delta, Egypt, from January 2022 to October 2022.Veterinary world · 2024Article
- The peculiar characteristics and advancement in diagnostic methodologies of influenza A virus.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Review
- H5 Influenza Viruses in Egypt.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2021Review
- Biotic concerns in generating molecular diagnosis matrixes for 4 avian viruses with emphasis on Marek's disease virus.Journal of virological methods · 2019Review
- Novel real-time PCR-based patho- and phylotyping of potentially zoonotic avian influenza A subtype H5 viruses at risk of incursion into Europe in 2017.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2017Article
- Discovery of variant infectious salmon anaemia virus (ISAV) of European genotype in British Columbia, Canada.Virology journal · 2016Article
- Epidemiology, ecology and gene pool of influenza A virus in Egypt: will Egypt be the epicentre of the next influenza pandemic?Virulence · 2015Review
- Truncation and sequence shuffling of segment 6 generate replication-competent neuraminidase-negative influenza H5N1 viruses.Journal of virology · 2013Article
- Review
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9 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThe endemic status of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) of subtype H5N1 in Egypt continues to devastate the local poultry industry and poses a permanent threat for human health. Several genetically and antigenically distinct H5N1 lineages co-circulate in Egypt: Strains of clade 2.2.1 proper replicate mainly in backyard birds causing the bulk of human infections, while a variant lineage within 2.2.1 (2.2.1 v) appears to be perpetuated mainly in commercial poultry farms in Egypt. Viruses of the 2.2.1 v lineage represent drift variants escaping from conventional vaccine-induced immunity and some of these strains also escaped detection by commercial real time reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-qPCR) protocols due to mismatches in the primers/probe binding sites.
resultsWe developed therefore a versatile, sensitive and lineage-specific multiplex RT-qPCR for detection and typing of H5N1 viruses in Egypt. Analytical characterization was carried out using 50 Egyptian HPAIV H5N1 strains isolated since 2006 and 45 other avian influenza viruses (AIV). A detection limit of 400 cRNA copies per ml sample matrix was found. Higher diagnostic sensitivity of the multiplex assay in comparison to other generic H5 or M-gene based RT-qPCR assays were found by examination of 63 swab samples from experimentally infected chickens and 50 AIV-positive swab samples from different host species in the field in Egypt.
conclusionsThe new multiplex RT-qPCR assay could be useful for rapid high-throughput monitoring for the presence of HPAIV H5N1 in commercial poultry in Egypt. It may also aid in prospective epidemiological studies to further delineate and better control spread of HPAIV H5N1 in Egypt.
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