ArticleCellular & molecular immunology2011
Enhancing the antihepatitis B virus immune response by adefovir dipivoxil and entecavir therapies.
Article in Cellular & molecular immunology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Antiviral treatment alters the frequency of activating and inhibitory receptor-expressing natural killer cells in chronic hepatitis B virus infected patients.Mediators of inflammation · 2012Trial
- Long-term HBsAg clearance, relapse, and safety following tenofovir or entecavir discontinuation in non-cirrhotic, HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Risk factors for relapse after discontinuation of tenofovir or entecavir in hepatitis B e antigen-negative patients.Hepatology forum · 2024Article
- Immune Mechanisms Underlying Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Seroclearance in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients With Viral Coinfection.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- [A possible mechanism for low-level viremia occurrence in nucleos(t)ide analog-treated chronic hepatitis B patients].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2021Article
- IL-21 Is Associated With Virological Relapse of HBeAg Positive Chronic Hepatitis B After Discontinuance of Entecavir.The Turkish journal of gastroenterology : the official journal of Turkish Society of Gastroenterology · 2021Article
- [Diagnostic application of serum GP73 and the relevant mechanism in the diagnosis of liver cirrhosis].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2018Article
- Observational
- Article
- The expression of TLR-9, CD86, and CD95 phenotypes in circulating B cells of patients with chronic viral hepatitis B or C before and after antiviral therapy.Mediators of inflammation · 2015Article
- Article
- Characterization of the liver-draining lymph nodes in mice and their role in mounting regional immunity to HBV.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2013Article
- Treatment with telbivudine positively regulates antiviral immune profiles in Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis B.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2013Article
- Quasispecies dynamics in main core epitopes of hepatitis B virus by ultra-deep-pyrosequencing.World journal of gastroenterology · 2012Article
- High frequency of CD4+ CXCR5+ TFH cells in patients with immune-active chronic hepatitis B.PloS one · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chronicity of hepatitis B (CHB) infection is characterized by a weak immune response to the virus. Entecavir (ETV) and adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) are effective in suppressing hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication. However, the underlying immune mechanism in the antiviral response of patients treated with nucleoside or nucleotide analogs is not clearly understood. In this study, regulatory T cells (Tregs) and intracellular cytokines, including IL-2, interferon (IFN)-γ, tumor-necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-4, were measured prior to and at 12, 24, 36 and 48 weeks after treatment with ETV or ADV. The cytokines were increased from 24 to 48 weeks after treatment. Higher levels of Th1 cytokines were observed with ETV (n=29) versus ADV (n=28) treatment. By contrast, the numbers of Tregs in both groups were decreased. The altered cytokine profile and cellular component was accompanied by a decrease in HBV DNA levels in both groups, which may contribute to their therapeutic effect in CHB infection. Our findings suggest that the antiviral effect of the drugs may be attributed not only to their direct effect on virus suppression but also to their immunoregulatory capabilities.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.