ReviewThe American journal of pathology2010
The pathogenesis of primary cicatricial alopecias.
Review in The American journal of pathology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 197 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comorbidities in primary cicatricial alopecia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Vitamin D deficiency in non-scarring and scarring alopecias: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Pooled it
- Platelet-rich plasma in alopecia areata and primary cicatricial alopecias: A systematic review.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Inflammatory features of frontal fibrosing alopecia.Journal of cutaneous pathology · 2017Trial
- Modern Therapies for Discoid Lupus Erythematosus: A Narrative Review.Dermatology and therapy · 2026Review
- Scalp Biopsies for Alopecia.Dermatopathology (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Oral Minoxidil for Alopecia Treatment: Risks, Benefits, and Recommendations.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2026Review
- Hair follicle immune privilege in autoimmune and immune-mediated alopecias: paths toward reestablishing immune tolerance.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- The Roles of EDA2R in Ageing and Disease.Aging cell · 2025Review
- Scalp Bacterial Profile and Antibiotics Susceptibility Pattern in Patients With Primary Cicatricial Alopecia.Annals of dermatology · 2025Article
- Single-cell sequencing combined with spatial transcriptomics reveals the characteristics of follicle-targeted inflammation patterns in primary cicatricial alopecia.Cell & bioscience · 2025Article
- Systemic Treatments for Lichen Planopilaris and Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia: A Retrospective Study of 315 Patients.Acta dermato-venereologica · 2025Article
- Recent Advances in Drug Development for Hair Loss.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography in lichen planopilaris and frontal fibrosing alopecia: A pilot study.Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG · 2025Article
- M2 Macrophage and Extracellular Matrix Genes Are Enriched in High-Activity Lichen Planopilaris.Dermatology research and practice · 2025Article
- Article
- Bioactive Compound-Loaded Nanocarriers for Hair Growth Promotion: Current Status and Future Perspectives.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Granzyme B in Autoimmune Skin Disease.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Cannabinoid Compounds as a Pharmacotherapeutic Option for the Treatment of Non-Cancer Skin Diseases.Cells · 2022Review
- Primary cicatricial alopecias are characterized by dysregulation of shared gene expression pathways.PNAS nexus · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cicatricial (scarring) alopecia results from irreversible damage to epithelial stem cells located in the bulge region of the hair follicle, generally as a result of inflammatory mechanisms (eg, in the context of autoimmune disease). In primary cicactricial alopecia (PCA), the hair follicle itself is the key target of autoaggressive immunity. This group of permanent hair loss disorders can be classified into distinct subgroups, characterized by the predominant peri-follicular inflammatory cell type. In none of these PCA forms do we know exactly why hair follicles begin to attract such an infiltrate. Thus, it is not surprising that halting or even reversing this inflammation in PCA is often extremely difficult. However, increasing evidence suggests that healthy hair follicle epithelial stem cells enjoy relative protection from inflammatory assault by being located in an immunologically "privileged" niche. Because this protection may collapse in PCA, one key challenge in PCA research is to identify the specific signaling pathways that endanger, or restore, the relative immunoprotection of these stem cells. After a summary of pathobiological principles that underlie the development and clinical phenotype of PCA, we close by defining key open questions that need to be answered if more effective treatment modalities for this therapeutically very frustrating, but biologically fascinating, group of diseases are to be developed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.