Evidence map›Paper›PMID 20884729›Full record

ArticleChest2011

COPD in never smokers: results from the population-based burden of obstructive lung disease study.

Bernd Lamprecht, Mary Ann McBurnie, William M Vollmer, Gunnar Gudmundsson, Tobias Welte, Ewa Nizankowska-Mogilnicka, Michael Studnicka, Eric Bateman, Josep M Anto, Peter Burney and 3 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract readComparative StudyMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Chest, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 246 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
246citing papers in PubMed, 11 pooled it
16.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

246 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 513 citations in OpenAlex.

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  11. Gender-specific estimates of COPD prevalence: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2018
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186 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 10 institutions in 8 countries.

Bernd LamprechtDepartment of Pulmonary Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria. Electronic address: b.lamprecht@salk.at.
Mary Ann McBurnieKaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, University, Portland.
William M VollmerKaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, University, Portland.
Gunnar GudmundssonDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy, and Sleep, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Tobias WelteDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical University, Hannover, Germany.
Ewa Nizankowska-MogilnickaDepartment of Medicine, Jagiellonian University School of Medicine, Krakow, Poland.
Michael StudnickaDepartment of Pulmonary Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.
Eric BatemanUniversity of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Josep M AntoCentre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology, Barcelona, Spain.
Peter BurneyDepartment of Public Health Sciences, King's College London, London, England.
David M ManninoUniversity of Kentucky, Lexington, KY.
Sonia A BuistOregon Health and Science University, Portland.
BOLD Collaborative Research Group
Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research · USParacelsus Medical University · ATCenter for Research in Environmental Epidemiology · ESJagiellonian University · PLKing's College London · GBMedizinische Hochschule Hannover · DENational University Hospital of Iceland · ISOregon Health & Science University · USUniversity of Cape Town · ZAUniversity of Kentucky · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNever smokers comprise a substantial proportion of patients with COPD. Their characteristics and possible risk factors in this population are not yet well defined.

methodsWe analyzed data from 14 countries that participated in the international, population-based Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) study. Participants were aged ≥ 40 years and completed postbronchodilator spirometry testing plus questionnaires about respiratory symptoms, health status, and exposure to COPD risk factors. A diagnosis of COPD was based on the postbronchodilator FEV₁/FVC ratio, according to current GOLD (Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease) guidelines. In addition to this, the lower limit of normal (LLN) was evaluated as an alternative threshold for the FEV₁/FVC ratio.

resultsAmong 4,291 never smokers, 6.6% met criteria for mild (GOLD stage I) COPD, and 5.6% met criteria for moderate to very severe (GOLD stage II+) COPD. Although never smokers were less likely to have COPD and had less severe COPD than ever smokers, never smokers nonetheless comprised 23.3% (240/1,031) of those classified with GOLD stage II+ COPD. This proportion was similar, 20.5% (171/832), even when the LLN was used as a threshold for the FEV₁/FVC ratio. Predictors of COPD in never smokers include age, education, occupational exposure, childhood respiratory diseases, and BMI alterations.

conclusionThis multicenter international study confirms previous evidence that never smokers comprise a substantial proportion of individuals with COPD. Our data suggest that, in addition to increased age, a prior diagnosis of asthma and, among women, lower education levels are associated with an increased risk for COPD among never smokers.

Indexed as

SmokingAdultAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleGlobal HealthHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedPulmonary Disease, Chronic ObstructiveRespiratory Function TestsRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsSurveys and Questionnaires

Identifiers

PMID20884729
PMCPMC3168866
OpenAlexW2155767904

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.