ArticleProceedings. Biological sciences2011
Remarkable morphological stasis in an extant vertebrate despite tens of millions of years of divergence.
Article in Proceedings. Biological sciences, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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12 citing papers in PubMed, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Evolution along the Great Rift Valley: phenotypic and genetic differentiation of East African white-eyes (Aves, Zosteropidae).Ecology and evolution · 2015Article
- When can clades be potentially resolved with morphology?PloS one · 2013Article
- Comparable ages for the independent origins of electrogenesis in African and South American weakly electric fishes.PloS one · 2012Article
- Neural innovations and the diversification of African weakly electric fishes.Communicative & integrative biology · 2011Article
- Intercontinental dispersal by a microendemic burrowing reptile (Dibamidae).Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2011Article
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6 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
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Abstract
The relationship between genotypic and phenotypic divergence over evolutionary time varies widely, and cases of rapid phenotypic differentiation despite genetic similarity have attracted much attention. Here, we report an extreme case of the reverse pattern--morphological stasis in a tropical fish despite massive genetic divergence. We studied the enigmatic African freshwater butterfly fish (Pantodon buchholzi), whose distinctive morphology earns it recognition as a monotypic family. We sequenced the mitochondrial genome of Pantodon from the Congo basin and nine other osteoglossomorph taxa for comparison with previous mitogenomic profiles of Pantodon from the Niger basin and other related taxa. Pantodon populations form a monophyletic group, yet their mitochondrial coding sequences differ by 15.2 per cent between the Niger and Congo basins. The mitogenomic divergence time between these populations is estimated to be greater than 50 Myr, and deep genetic divergence was confirmed by nuclear sequence data. Among six sister-group comparisons of osteoglossomorphs, Pantodon exhibits the slowest rate of morphological divergence despite a level of genetic differentiation comparable to both species-rich (e.g. Mormyridae) and species-poor (e.g. Osteoglossidae) families. Morphological stasis in these two allopatric lineages of Pantodon offers a living vertebrate model for investigating phenotypic stability over millions of generations in the face of profound fluctuations in environmental conditions.
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