ReviewTrends in amplification2010
Auditory brainstem circuits that mediate the middle ear muscle reflex.
Review in Trends in amplification, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 124 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparison of ear-canal reflectance and umbo velocity in patients with conductive hearing loss: a preliminary study.Ear and hearingTrial
- Article
- Rapid Characterization of Middle-Ear Muscle Reflexes Using Swept Elicitors.Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO · 2026Article
- Beyond hyperacusis: re-framing tonic tensor tympani syndrome as a middle-ear muscle dysregulation disorder in tinnitus clinics.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Article
- Test-Retest Differences in the Wideband Middle Ear Muscle Reflex.American journal of audiology · 2025Article
- Vocalization-induced middle ear muscle reflex and auditory fovea do not contribute to the unimpaired auditory sensitivity after intense noise exposure in the CF-FM bat, Hipposideros pratti.Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology · 2025Article
- Masseter Vestibular evoked myogenic potentials: A new tool to assess the vestibulomasseteric reflex pathway.Journal of otology · 2024Review
- Comprehensive behavioral and physiologic assessment of peripheral and central auditory function in individuals with mild traumatic brain injury.Hearing research · 2024Article
- Evidence of cochlear neural degeneration in normal-hearing subjects with tinnitus.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Parametric information about eye movements is sent to the ears.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Associations Between Physiological Correlates of Cochlear Synaptopathy and Tinnitus in a Veteran Population.Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR · 2023Article
- Conserved features of eye movement related eardrum oscillations (EMREOs) across humans and monkeys.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2023Article
- Abnormal outer hair cell efferent innervation in Hoxb1-dependent sensorineural hearing loss.PLoS genetics · 2023Article
- Unique fiber phenotype composition and metabolic properties of the stapedius and tensor tympani muscles in the human middle ear.Journal of anatomy · 2023Article
- Brainstem auditory physiology in children with listening difficultiesHearing research · 2023Article
- Signal processing and stimulation potential within the ascending auditory pathway: a review.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Review
- The middle ear muscle reflex: Current and future role in assessing noise-induced cochlear damage.The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America · 2023Article
- Expectations of the timing and intensity of a stimulus propagate to the auditory periphery through the medial olivocochlear reflex.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2022Article
- No Reduction in the 226-Hz Probe Tone Acoustic Reflex Amplitude Following Severe Inner Hair Cell Loss in Chinchillas.Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO · 2022Article
- The function of the tensor tympani muscle: a comprehensive review of the literature.Anatomy & cell biology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The middle ear muscle (MEM) reflex is one of two major descending systems to the auditory periphery. There are two middle ear muscles (MEMs): the stapedius and the tensor tympani. In man, the stapedius contracts in response to intense low frequency acoustic stimuli, exerting forces perpendicular to the stapes superstructure, increasing middle ear impedance and attenuating the intensity of sound energy reaching the inner ear (cochlea). The tensor tympani is believed to contract in response to self-generated noise (chewing, swallowing) and non-auditory stimuli. The MEM reflex pathways begin with sound presented to the ear. Transduction of sound occurs in the cochlea, resulting in an action potential that is transmitted along the auditory nerve to the cochlear nucleus in the brainstem (the first relay station for all ascending sound information originating in the ear). Unknown interneurons in the ventral cochlear nucleus project either directly or indirectly to MEM motoneurons located elsewhere in the brainstem. Motoneurons provide efferent innervation to the MEMs. Although the ascending and descending limbs of these reflex pathways have been well characterized, the identity of the reflex interneurons is not known, as are the source of modulatory inputs to these pathways. The aim of this article is to (a) provide an overview of MEM reflex anatomy and physiology, (b) present new data on MEM reflex anatomy and physiology from our laboratory and others, and (c) describe the clinical implications of our research.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.