ArticleBrain, behavior, and immunity2011
Roles of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and superantigens on adaptive immune responses during CNS staphylococcal infection.
Article in Brain, behavior, and immunity, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dual RNA-seq reveals the complement protein C3-mediated host-pathogen interaction in the brain abscess caused bymSystems · 2025Article
- A highly neutralizing human monoclonal antibody targeting a novel linear epitope on staphylococcal enterotoxin B.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Article
- The immune system in neurological diseases: What innate-like T cells have to say.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2024Review
- Management of brain abscesses: where are we now?Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2018Review
- The retrovirus/superantigen hypothesis of multiple sclerosis.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2014Review
- Brain abscess: Current management.Journal of neurosciences in rural practice · 2013Review
- Toll-like receptor 2 ligands promote microglial cell death by inducing autophagy.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2013Article
- Toll-like receptor (TLR) and inflammasome actions in the central nervous system.Trends in immunology · 2012Review
- Differential effects of interleukin-17 receptor signaling on innate and adaptive immunity during central nervous system bacterial infection.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2012Article
- Toll-like receptor 2 ligand pretreatment attenuates retinal microglial inflammatory response but enhances phagocytic activity toward Staphylococcus aureus.Infection and immunity · 2012Article
- Article
- Th1 and Th17 cells regulate innate immune responses and bacterial clearance during central nervous system infection.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2012Article
- Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)-TLR9 crosstalk dictates IL-12 family cytokine production in microglia.Glia · 2012Article
- Toll-like receptors in health and disease in the brain: mechanisms and therapeutic potential.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2011Review
- TCA cycle inactivation in Staphylococcus aureus alters nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 cells.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2011Article
- A conceptual revolution in the relationships between the brain and immunity.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a common etiologic agent of brain abscesses and possesses numerous virulence factors that manipulate host immunity. One example is superantigens (SAG) that clonally expand T cell subsets bearing specific Vβ receptors. Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) is one receptor implicated in S. aureus recognition. However, the interplay between TLR2, SAG, and adaptive immunity during brain abscess formation has not yet been investigated and could reveal novel insights into host-pathogen interactions for regulating protective immunity. A comprehensive analysis of abscess-associated T cell populations in TLR2 KO and WT mice was performed following infection with a S. aureus clinical isolate. Both natural killer T (NKT) and γδ T cell infiltrates were increased in brain abscesses of TLR2 KO mice and produced more IL-17 and IFN-γ compared to WT populations, which could have resulted from elevated bacterial burdens observed in these animals. Analysis of SAG-reactive T cells revealed a predominant Vβ(8.1,8.2) infiltrate reactive with staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB), whereas SEA-reactive Vβ(11) T cells were less numerous. Brain abscesses of TLR2 KO mice had fewer Vβ(8.1,8.2) and Vβ(11) T cells and produced less TNF-α and IFN-γ compared to WT animals. Treatment of primary microglia with purified SEB augmented TNF-α production in response to the TLR2 ligand Pam3Cys, which may serve to amplify proinflammatory cascades during CNS S. aureus infection. Collectively, these studies demonstrate that TLR2 impacts adaptive immunity to S. aureus infection and modulates SAG responses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.