ArticleBrain, behavior, and immunity2011
Anti-depressant medication use and C-reactive protein: results from two population-based studies.
Article in Brain, behavior, and immunity, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Replication and reproducibility issues in the relationship between C-reactive protein and depression: A systematic review and focused meta-analysis.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2018Pooled it
- Use of antidepressants and the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease: a meta-analysis of observational studies.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2017Pooled it
- Sex differences in the association of baseline c-reactive protein (CRP) and acute-phase treatment outcomes in major depressive disorder: Findings from the EMBARC study.Journal of psychiatric research · 2019Trial
- Postsurgical Depressive Symptoms and Proinflammatory Cytokine Elevations in Women Undergoing Primary Treatment for Breast Cancer.Psychosomatic medicine · 2016Trial
- Weight and metabolic effects of dietary weight loss and exercise interventions in postmenopausal antidepressant medication users and non-users: a randomized controlled trial.Preventive medicine · 2013Trial
- Article
- Association of the inflammatory marker suPAR with chronic pruritus of unknown origin - data from the SOMA.PRU study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Minor immunomodulatory effects of psychotropics suggested in severe mental disorders: Associations of antipsychotics with beta defensin 2, antidepressants with C-reactive protein, and mood stabilizers with soluble interleukin 2 receptor.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2025Article
- Do inflammation and relational motivation coordinate having better sex? The interplay between C-reactive protein and relational approach motivation on sexual well-being.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Article
- Review
- Anti-inflammatory medications for the treatment of mental disorders: A scoping review.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2022Article
- Psychiatric symptoms are not associated with circulating CRP concentrations after controlling for medical, social, and demographic factors.Translational psychiatry · 2022Article
- Modulation of microglial activation by antidepressants.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2022Review
- Confounders in Identification and Analysis of Inflammatory Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Diseases.Biomolecules · 2021Review
- Brain Kynurenine and BH4 Pathways: Relevance to the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Inflammation-Driven Depressive Symptoms.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2018Review
- Does CRP predict outcome in bipolar disorder in regular outpatient care?International journal of bipolar disorders · 2016Article
- Cytokine production capacity in depression and anxiety.Translational psychiatry · 2016Article
- Reduction of kynurenic acid to quinolinic acid ratio in both the depressed and remitted phases of major depressive disorder.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2015Article
- [Treatment of depression in coronary heart disease].Der Nervenarzt · 2015Article
- Inflammatory and metabolic dysregulation and the 2-year course of depressive disorders in antidepressant users.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2014Article
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Abstract
The use of anti-depressant medication has been linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD). We examined the association between anti-depressant medication use and a marker of low grade systemic inflammation as a potential pathway linking anti-depressant use and CVD in two population based studies. Data were collected in a representative sample of 8131 community dwelling adults (aged 47.4±15.9 years, 46.7% male) from the Scottish Health Surveys (SHS). The use of anti-depressant medication was coded according to the British National Formulary and blood was drawn for the measurement of C-reactive protein (CRP). In a second study, we attempted to replicate our findings using longitudinal data from the Whitehall II study (n=4584, aged 55.5±5.9 years, mean follow-up 5.5 years). Antidepressants were used in 5.6% of the SHS sample, with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) being the most common. There was a higher risk of elevated CRP (>3 mg/L) in users of tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) medication (multivariate adjusted odds ratio (OR)=1.52, 95% CI, 1.07-2.15), but not in SSRI users (multivariate adjusted OR=1.07, 95% CI, 0.81-1.42). A longitudinal association between any antidepressant use and subsequent CRP was confirmed in the Whitehall cohort. In summary, the use of anti-depressants was associated with elevated levels of systemic inflammation independently from the symptoms of mental illness and cardiovascular co-morbidity. This might be a potential mechanism through which antidepressant medication increases CVD risk. Further data are required to explore the effects of dosage and duration of antidepressant treatment.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.