ArticleBMC biochemistry2010
Sex-different hepaticglycogen content and glucose output in rats.
Article in BMC biochemistry, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- The regulation of intrahepatic fatty acid partitioning within the human liver: the effect of sex.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2026Review
- Evaluation of metabolism-related molecules in rat model of autism spectrum disorders.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Sexual dimorphism in zebrafish liver proteins and implications for hepatic regeneration and diseases.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Metabolic Side Effects from Antipsychotic Treatment with Clozapine Linked to Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) Activation.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Sex differences in plasma metabolites in a guinea pig model of allergic asthma.Physiological research · 2023Article
- Streptozotocin as a tool for induction of rat models of diabetes: a practical guide.EXCLI journal · 2023Review
- Ibogaine Has Sex-Specific Plasma Bioavailability, Histopathological and Redox/Antioxidant Effects in Rat Liver and Kidneys: A Study on Females.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Review
- Effects of post-exercise glucose ingestion at different solution temperatures on glycogen repletion in mice.Physiological reports · 2021Article
- Hepatic transcriptional responses to fasting and feeding.Genes & development · 2021Review
- Brain-Body Control of Glucose Homeostasis-Insights From Model Organisms.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Review
- Reference Values for Hematology, Plasma Biochemistry, Bone Marrow Cytology and Bone Histology of NODJournal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS · 2021Article
- Placensin is a glucogenic hormone secreted by human placenta.EMBO reports · 2020Article
- Age- and Sex-Dependent Modulation of Exogenous Ketone Supplement-Evoked Effects on Blood Glucose and Ketone Body Levels in Wistar Albino Glaxo Rijswijk Rats.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2020Article
- Article
- Sex Dependent Dysregulation of Hepatic Glucose Production in Lean Type 2 Diabetic Rats.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2019Article
- Beneficial effects of a red wine polyphenol extract on high-fat diet-induced metabolic syndrome in rats.European journal of nutrition · 2017Article
- Hepatic Insulin Resistance and Altered Gluconeogenic Pathway in Premature Baboons.Endocrinology · 2017Article
- Chronic Hyperinsulinaemic Hypoglycaemia in Rats Is Accompanied by Increased Body Weight, Hyperleptinaemia, and Decreased Neuronal Glucose Transporter Levels in the Brain.International journal of endocrinology · 2017Article
- Estrogens modulate ventrolateral ventromedial hypothalamic glucose-inhibited neurons.Molecular metabolism · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGenes involved in hepatic metabolism have a sex-different expression in rodents. To test whether male and female rat livers differ regarding lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, whole-genome transcript profiles were generated and these were complemented by measurements of hepatic lipid and glycogen content, fatty acid (FA) oxidation rates and hepatic glucose output (HGO). The latter was determined in perfusates from in situ perfusion of male and female rat livers. These perfusates were also analysed using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to identify putative sex-differences in other liver-derived metabolites. Effects of insulin were monitored by analysis of Akt-phosphorylation, gene expression and HGO after s.c. insulin injections.
resultsOut of approximately 3 500 gene products being detected in liver, 11% were significantly higher in females, and 11% were higher in males. Many transcripts for the production of triglycerides (TG), cholesterol and VLDL particles were female-predominant, whereas genes for FA oxidation, gluconeogenesis and glycogen synthesis were male-predominant. Sex-differences in mRNA levels related to metabolism were more pronounced during mild starvation (12 h fasting), as compared to the postabsorptive state (4 h fasting). No sex-differences were observed regarding hepatic TG content, FA oxidation rates or blood levels of ketone bodies or glucose. However, males had higher hepatic glycogen content and higher HGO, as well as higher ratios of insulin to glucagon levels. Based on NMR spectroscopy, liver-derived lactate was also higher in males. HGO was inhibited by insulin in parallel with increased phosphorylation of Akt, without any sex-differences in insulin sensitivity. However, the degree of Thr172-phosphorylated AMP kinase (AMPK) was higher in females, indicating a higher degree of AMPK-dependent actions.
conclusionsTaken together, males had higher ratios of insulin to glucagon levels, higher levels of glycogen, lower degree of AMPK phosphorylation, higher expression of gluconeogenic genes and higher hepatic glucose output. Possibly these sex-differences reflect a higher ability for the healthy male rat liver to respond to increased energy demands.
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