ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2011
In vitro synergism of trifluorothymidine and ganciclovir against HSV-1.
Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Procaine-Based ProcClusterInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Convenient screening of the reproductive toxicity of favipiravir and antiviral drugs inHeliyon · 2024Article
- Small Molecule Drugs Targeting Viral Polymerases.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Combination of ganciclovir and trifluridine prevents drug-resistance emergence in HSV-1.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2024Article
- Combined use of pritelivir with acyclovir or foscarnet suppresses evolution of HSV-1 drug resistance.Virus evolution · 2024Article
- Unique Attributes of Guinea Pigs as New Models to Study Ocular Herpes Pathophysiology and Recurrence.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2023Article
- Surveillance for feline herpesvirus type 1 mutation and development of resistance in cats treated with antiviral medications.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
- Article
- Ocular herpes simplex virus: how are latency, reactivation, recurrent disease and therapy interrelated?Future microbiology · 2011Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo determine whether trifluorothymidine (TFT) and ganciclovir (GCV) are synergistic against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1).
methodsTFT and GCV activity against 12 strains of HSV-1 (including an acyclovir-resistant strain) was measured by plaque-forming unit (PFU) inhibition. Cellular toxicity was assessed with an MTT dye reduction assay. Synergism was determined by calculating fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC indices) based on PFU reduction.
resultsConcentrations of TFT resulting in 50% inhibition of PFUs (IC(50)) of acyclovir-susceptible HSV-1 strains ranged from 3.07 ± 0.36 to 12.52 ± 0.61 μM. GCV IC(50) values ranged from 0.40 ± 0.02 to 1.59 ± 0.14 μM. IC(50) values of TFT and GCV against the acyclovir-resistant strain were 15.40 ± 3.17 and 93.00 ± 9.64 μM, respectively. Concentrations of TFT or GCV resulting in 50% cell cytotoxicity (CC(50)) were 0.99 ± 0.01 and 92.91 ± 8.92 μM, respectively. TFT and GCV combined (10:1) were 10 times more potent against all acyclovir-susceptible HSV-1 strains. For 8 of 12 HSV-1 strains, the IC(50) of TFT and GCV combined was lower than the CC(50) of either drug. For acyclovir-susceptible HSV-1 strains, TFT and GCV combined generated a FIC index of <0.5, suggesting strong synergism between the two drugs. The FIC value for TFT and GCV combined against the acyclovir-resistant HSV-1 strain was 0.84, indicating nonantagonism.
conclusionsTFT and GCV are synergistic against acyclovir-susceptible HSV-1 at concentrations significantly less toxic than if each antiviral were used as a sole agent.
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Registered trials
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