ArticleProceedings. Biological sciences2011
The evolution of host protection by vertically transmitted parasites.
Article in Proceedings. Biological sciences, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Characterizing the evolution of defense in a tripartite marine symbiosis using adaptive dynamics.Evolution letters · 2025Article
- The evolution of parasite virulence under targeted culling and harvesting in wildlife and livestock.Evolutionary applications · 2023Article
- Friendly foes: The evolution of host protection by a parasite.Evolution letters · 2017Article
- Covert Infection of Insects by Baculoviruses.Frontiers in microbiology · 2017Review
- The adaptive evolution of virulence: a review of theoretical predictions and empirical tests.Parasitology · 2016Review
- Superparasitism Drives Heritable Symbiont Epidemiology and Host Sex Ratio in a Wasp.PLoS pathogens · 2016Article
- Harnessing the Power of Defensive Microbes: Evolutionary Implications in Nature and Disease Control.PLoS pathogens · 2016Review
- Ecology and evolution of pathogens in natural populations of Lepidoptera.Evolutionary applications · 2016Review
- Prokaryotes Versus Eukaryotes: Who is Hosting Whom?Frontiers in veterinary science · 2014Review
- Cooperation and conflict in host manipulation: interactions among macro-parasites and micro-organisms.Frontiers in microbiology · 2014Review
- When should a trophically and vertically transmitted parasite manipulate its intermediate host? The case of Toxoplasma gondii.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2013Article
- Socially transmitted gut microbiota protect bumble bees against an intestinal parasite.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2011Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Hosts are often infected by a variety of different parasites, leading to competition for hosts and coevolution between parasite species. There is increasing evidence that some vertically transmitted parasitic symbionts may protect their hosts from further infection and that this protection may be an important reason for their persistence in nature. Here, we examine theoretically when protection is likely to evolve and its selective effects on other parasites. Our key result is that protection is most likely to evolve in response to horizontally transmitted parasites that cause a significant reduction in host fecundity. The preponderance of sterilizing horizontally transmitted parasites found in arthropods may therefore explain the evolution of protection seen by their symbionts. We also find that protection is more likely to evolve in response to highly transmissible parasites that cause intermediate, rather than high, virulence (increased death rate when infected). Furthermore, intermediate levels of protection select for faster, more virulent horizontally transmitted parasites, suggesting that protective symbionts may lead to the evolution of more virulent parasites in nature. When we allow for coevolution between the symbiont and the parasite, more protection is likely to evolve in the vertically transmitted symbionts of longer lived hosts. Therefore, if protection is found to be common in nature, it has the potential to be a major selective force on host-parasite interactions.
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