ArticleBMC public health2010
Time-to-pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes in a South African population.
Article in BMC public health, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- HIV knowledge and sexual risk behavior among pregnant couples in South Africa: the PartnerPlus project.AIDS and behavior · 2013Trial
- Pregnancy incidence and correlates during the HVTN 503 Phambili HIV vaccine trial conducted among South African women.PloS one · 2012Trial
- What to expect when you want to be expecting: time-to-pregnancy expectations and anticipated worry and help-seeking among a nationally representative survey of women in Uganda.Reproductive health · 2025Article
- Nationwide prevalence of infertility in Iranian couples: findings from a 2019 study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Subfecundity and associated factors among pregnant mothers receiving antenatal care at public health facilities in Ambo town Oromia region, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in global women's health · 2025Article
- Measuring non-events: infertility estimation using cross-sectional, population-based data from four countries in sub-Saharan Africa.Human reproduction (Oxford, England) · 2024Article
- Using PBPK modeling to supplement clinical data and support the safe and effective use of dolutegravir in pregnant and lactating women.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2024Article
- Preventing HIV and achieving pregnancy among HIV sero-different couples: Pilot study of a safer conception intervention in Zimbabwe.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- Association between bacterial vaginosis and fecundability in Kenyan women planning pregnancies: a prospective preconception cohort study.Human reproduction (Oxford, England) · 2021Article
- Adverse pregnancy outcomes, 'stillbirths and early neonatal deaths' in Mutare district, Zimbabwe (2014): a descriptive study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2019Article
- Article
- Reduced fecundity in HIV-positive women.Human reproduction (Oxford, England) · 2018Observational
- Modeling the impact of novel male contraceptive methods on reductions in unintended pregnancies in Nigeria, South Africa, and the United States.Contraception · 2018Article
- "They must understand we are people": Pregnancy and maternity service use among signing Deaf women in Cape Town.Disability and health journal · 2017Article
- Estimating infertility prevalence in low-to-middle-income countries: an application of a current duration approach to Demographic and Health Survey data.Human reproduction (Oxford, England) · 2017Article
- The study of waiting time to first pregnancy in the south of Iran: A parametric frailty model approach.International journal of reproductive biomedicine · 2017Article
- Increased time-to-pregnancy is associated with domestic work in South Africa.Reproductive health · 2016Article
- Relation between time to pregnancy and pregnancy outcome.Advanced biomedical research · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTime-to-pregnancy (TTP) has never been studied in an African setting and there are no data on the rates of adverse pregnancy outcomes in South Africa. The study objectives were to measure TTP and the rates of adverse pregnancy outcomes in South Africa, and to determine the reliability of the questionnaire tool.
methodsThe study was cross-sectional and applied systematic stratified sampling to obtain a representative sample of reproductive age women for a South African population. Data on socio-demographic, work, health and reproductive variables were collected on 1121 women using a standardized questionnaire. A small number (n = 73) of randomly selected questionnaires was repeated to determine reliability of the questionnaire. Data was described using simple summary statistics while Kappa and intra-class correlation statistics were calculated for reliability.
resultsOf the 1121 women, 47 (4.2%) had never been pregnant. Mean gravidity was 2.3 while mean parity was 2.0 There were a total of 2467 pregnancies; most (87%) resulted in live births, 9.5% in spontaneous abortion and 2.2% in still births. The proportion of planned pregnancies was 39% and the median TTP was 6 months. The reliability of the questionnaire for TTP data was good; 63% for all participants and 97% when censored at 14 months. Overall reliability of reporting adverse pregnancy outcomes was very high, ranging from 90 - 98% for most outcomes.
conclusionThis is the first comprehensive population-based reproductive health study in South Africa, to describe the biologic fertility of the population, and provides rates for planned pregnancies and adverse pregnancy outcomes. The reliability of the study questionnaire was substantial, with most outcomes within 70 - 100% reliability index. The study provides important public information for health practitioners and researchers in reproductive health. It also highlights the need for public health intervention programmes and epidemiological research on biologic fertility and adverse pregnancy outcomes in the population.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.