Trial reportJournal of neuro-oncology2011
Phase II study of metronomic chemotherapy with bevacizumab for recurrent glioblastoma after progression on bevacizumab therapy.
Trial report in Journal of neuro-oncology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 97 citations in OpenAlex.
- Identifying the best treatment choice for relapsing/refractory glioblastoma: a systematic review with multiple Bayesian network meta-analyses.The oncologist · 2025Pooled it
- Treatment options for progression or recurrence of glioblastoma: a network meta-analysis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Incorporation of biomarkers in phase II studies of recurrent glioblastoma.Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine · 2015Pooled it
- Effect of angiogenesis inhibitor bevacizumab on survival in patients with cancer: a meta-analysis of the published literature.PloS one · 2012Pooled it
- Circulating Immune Cell and Outcome Analysis from the Phase II Study of PD-L1 Blockade with Durvalumab for Newly Diagnosed and Recurrent Glioblastoma.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2022Trial
- Phase 2 trial of hypoxia activated evofosfamide (TH302) for treatment of recurrent bevacizumab-refractory glioblastoma.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Hypoxia-activated evofosfamide for treatment of recurrent bevacizumab-refractory glioblastoma: a phase I surgical study.Neuro-oncology · 2018Trial
- A randomized phase II trial of standard dose bevacizumab versus low dose bevacizumab plus lomustine (CCNU) in adults with recurrent glioblastoma.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2016Trial
- Cullin1 regulates proliferation, migration and invasion of glioma cells.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2014Trial
- Validation of the prognostic Heidelberg re-irradiation score in an independent mono-institutional patient cohort.Radiation oncology (London, England) · 2014Trial
- Phase II trial of continuous low-dose temozolomide for patients with recurrent malignant glioma.Neuro-oncology · 2013Trial
- Bevacizumab continuation beyond initial bevacizumab progression among recurrent glioblastoma patients.British journal of cancer · 2012Trial
- Outcome after bevacizumab clinical trial therapy among recurrent grade III malignant glioma patients.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2012Trial
- Trial
- Radiotherapy in Glioblastoma Multiforme: Evolution, Limitations, and Molecularly Guided Future.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Induced Vascular Normalization-Can One Force Tumors to Surrender to a Better Microenvironment?Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Tumor treating fields for the treatment of glioblastoma: Current understanding and future perspectives.Surgical neurology international · 2023Review
- Relapsing High-Grade Glioma from Peritumoral Zone: Critical Review of Radiotherapy Treatment Options.Brain sciences · 2022Review
- A multi-center prospective study of re-irradiation with bevacizumab and temozolomide in patients with bevacizumab refractory recurrent high-grade gliomas.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2021Article
- Novel Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Pathway Inhibitors for Targeted Radionuclide Therapy of Glioblastoma.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
We evaluated the efficacy of metronomic etoposide or temozolomide administered with bevacizumab among recurrent glioblastoma (GBM) patients who progressed on prior bevacizumab therapy in a phase 2, open-label, two-arm trial. Twenty-three patients received bevacizumab (10 mg/kg) every 2 weeks with either oral etoposide (50 mg/m2) daily for 21 consecutive days each month or daily temozolomide (50 mg/m2). The primary endpoint was 6-month progression-free survival (PFS-6) and secondary endpoints included safety and overall survival. Both the etoposide and temozolomide arms of the study closed at the interim analysis due to lack of adequate anti-tumor activity. No radiographic responses were observed. Although 12 patients (52%) achieved stable disease, PFS-6 was 4.4% and the median PFS was 7.3 weeks. The only grade 4 adverse event was reversible neutropenia. Grade 3 toxicities included fatigue (n = 2) and infection (n = 1). Metronomic etoposide or temozolomide is ineffective when administered with bevacizumab among recurrent GBM patients who have progressed on prior bevacizumab therapy. Alternative treatment strategies remain critically needed for this indication.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.