ArticleEuropean journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology2011
Swabbing for respiratory viral infections in older patients: a comparison of rayon and nylon flocked swabs.
Article in European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparison of detection rate of 16 sampling methods for respiratory viruses: a Bayesian network meta-analysis of clinical data and systematic review.BMJ global health · 2020Pooled it
- Comparison of Respiratory Specimen Collection Methods for Detection of Influenza Virus Infection by Reverse Transcription-PCR: a Literature Review.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2019Pooled it
- Etiology of community-acquired pneumonia and diagnostic yields of microbiological methods: a 3-year prospective study in Norway.BMC infectious diseases · 2015Trial
- Combined nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal sampling improves pathogen detection in community-acquired pneumonia.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Recommendations for respiratory syncytial virus surveillance at the national level.The European respiratory journal · 2021Article
- Pre-analytical Practices in the Molecular Diagnostic Tests, A Concise Review.Iranian journal of pathology · 2021Review
- Epidemiology and phylogenetic analysis of respiratory viruses from 2012 to 2015 - A sentinel surveillance report from union territory of Puducherry, India.Clinical epidemiology and global health · 2020Article
- Comparison analysis of different swabs and transport mediums suitable for SARS-CoV-2 testing following shortages.Journal of virological methods · 2020Article
- Low-Cost Polyester-Tipped Three-Dimensionally Printed Nasopharyngeal Swab for the Detection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Related Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).Journal of clinical microbiology · 2020Article
- The influence of a swab type on the results of point-of-care tests.AMB Express · 2020Article
- Evaluation of the SD Bioline Strep A Ultra Test in Relation With Number of Colony Forming Units and Color Intensity.Annals of laboratory medicine · 2019Article
- Aetiology of lower respiratory tract infection in adults in primary care: a prospective study in 11 European countries.Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases · 2018Article
- Point-of-care diagnostics for respiratory viral infections.Expert review of molecular diagnostics · 2018Review
- Detection of influenza by real time RT-PCR is not affected by delays in respiratory specimen processing.Journal of medical virology · 2016Article
- Study and interest of cellular load in respiratory samples for the optimization of molecular virological diagnosis in clinical practice.BMC infectious diseases · 2016Article
- Throat and nasal swabs for molecular detection of respiratory viruses in acute pharyngitis.Virology journal · 2015Article
- Routes of Hendra Virus Excretion in Naturally-Infected Flying-Foxes: Implications for Viral Transmission and Spillover Risk.PloS one · 2015Article
- Influenza A virus isolation, culture and identification.Nature protocols · 2014Article
- Detection of respiratory viruses in sputum from adults by use of automated multiplex PCR.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2014Article
- A cross-sectional analysis of symptom severity in adults with influenza and other acute respiratory illness in the outpatient setting.BMC infectious diseases · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the sampling efficacy of rayon swabs and nylon flocked swabs, and of oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal specimens for the detection of respiratory viruses in elderly patients. Samples were obtained from patients 60 years of age or above who were newly admitted to Sorlandet Hospital Arendal, Norway. The patients were interviewed for current symptoms of a respiratory tract infection. Using rayon swabs and nylon flocked swabs, comparable sets of mucosal samples were harvested from the nasopharynx and the oropharynx. The samples were analysed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods. A total of 223 patients (mean age 74.9 years, standard deviation [SD] 9.0 years) were swabbed and a virus was recovered from 11% of the symptomatic patients. Regardless of the sampling site, a calculated 4.8 times higher viral load (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3-17, p = 0.017) was obtained using the nylon flocked swabs as compared to the rayon swabs. Also, regardless of the type of swab, a calculated 19 times higher viral load was found in the samples from the nasopharynx as compared to the oropharynx (95% CI 5.4-67.4, p < 0.001). When swabbing for respiratory viruses in elderly patients, nasopharyngeal rather than oropharyngeal samples should be obtained. Nylon flocked swabs appear to be more efficient than rayon swabs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.