ReviewPulmonary pharmacology & therapeutics2011
Sulfur mustard-induced pulmonary injury: therapeutic approaches to mitigating toxicity.
Review in Pulmonary pharmacology & therapeutics, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 129 citations in OpenAlex.
- A pilot study reveals plasma metabolomic and lipidomic signatures of mustard lung disease.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Bronchoscopic lung lavage and exogenous surfactant successfully reverse respiratory failure after severe chlorine exposure: A pediatric case report.Clinical case reports · 2025Article
- Identification of early events in nitrogen mustard pulmonary toxicity that are independent of infiltrating inflammatory cells using precision cut lung slices.Toxicology and applied pharmacology · 2024Article
- Radiation and Chemical Program Research for Multi-Utility and Repurposed Countermeasures: A US Department of Health and Human Services Agencies Perspective.Disaster medicine and public health preparedness · 2024Article
- TLR4 Ligation by eNAMPT, a Novel DAMP, is Essential to Sulfur Mustard- Induced Inflammatory Lung Injury and Fibrosis.European journal of respiratory medicine · 2024Article
- Mesna Improves Outcomes of Sulfur Mustard Inhalation Toxicity in an Acute Rat Model.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2024Article
- Social disparities and inequalities in healthcare access and expenditures among Iranians exposed to sulfur mustard: a national study using spatio-temporal analysis.BMC health services research · 2023Article
- Targeting Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha to Mitigate Lung Injury Induced by Mustard Vesicants and Radiation.Disaster medicine and public health preparedness · 2023Review
- Therapeutic Benefits of Stem Cells and Exosomes for Sulfur-Mustard-Induced Tissue Damage.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Melatonin as Modulator for Sulfur and Nitrogen Mustard-Induced Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage: Molecular Therapeutics.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Immune Mechanisms of Pulmonary Fibrosis with Bleomycin.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- MG53 attenuates nitrogen mustard-induced acute lung injury.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2022Article
- Mast Cells Promote Nitrogen Mustard-Mediated Toxicity in the Lung Associated With Proinflammatory Cytokine and Bioactive Lipid Mediator Production.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2021Article
- Pulmonary injury and oxidative stress in rats induced by inhaled sulfur mustard is ameliorated by anti-tumor necrosis factor-α antibody.Toxicology and applied pharmacology · 2021Article
- From Oxidative Stress to Inflammation in the Posterior Ocular Diseases: Diagnosis and Treatment.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
- Progressive Lung Injury, Inflammation, and Fibrosis in Rats Following Inhalation of Sulfur Mustard.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2020Article
- Transcriptional profiling of lung macrophages during pulmonary injury induced by nitrogen mustard.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2020Article
- Lungs as target of COVID-19 infection: Protective common molecular mechanisms of vitamin D and melatonin as a new potential synergistic treatment.Life sciences · 2020Review
- The HSP90 Inhibitor, AUY-922, Ameliorates the Development of Nitrogen Mustard-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis and Lung Dysfunction in Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Extracellular nucleic acid scavenging rescues rats from sulfur mustard analog-induced lung injury and mortality.Archives of toxicology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Sulfur mustard (SM) is highly toxic to the lung inducing both acute and chronic effects including upper and lower obstructive disease, airway inflammation, and acute respiratory distress syndrome, and with time, tracheobronchial stenosis, bronchitis, and bronchiolitis obliterans. Thus it is essential to identify effective strategies to mitigate the toxicity of SM and related vesicants. Studies in animals and in cell culture models have identified key mechanistic pathways mediating their toxicity, which may be relevant targets for the development of countermeasures. For example, following SM poisoning, DNA damage, apoptosis, and autophagy are observed in the lung, along with increased expression of activated caspases and DNA repair enzymes, biochemical markers of these activities. This is associated with inflammatory cell accumulation in the respiratory tract and increased expression of tumor necrosis factor-α and other proinflammatory cytokines, as well as reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Matrix metalloproteinases are also upregulated in the lung after SM exposure, which are thought to contribute to the detachment of epithelial cells from basement membranes and disruption of the pulmonary epithelial barrier. Findings that production of inflammatory mediators correlates directly with altered lung function suggests that they play a key role in toxicity. In this regard, specific therapeutic interventions currently under investigation include anti-inflammatory agents (e.g., steroids), antioxidants (e.g., tocopherols, melatonin, N-acetylcysteine, nitric oxide synthase inhibitors), protease inhibitors (e.g., doxycycline, aprotinin, ilomastat), surfactant replacement, and bronchodilators. Effective treatments may depend on the extent of lung injury and require a multi-faceted pharmacological approach.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.