ArticleEnvironmental microbiology2011
A blueprint of ectoine metabolism from the genome of the industrial producer Halomonas elongata DSM 2581 T.
Article in Environmental microbiology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 137 papers.
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137 citing papers in PubMed, 268 citations in OpenAlex.
- Data-driven optimization of salt shock for high-efficiency ectoine production inSynthetic and systems biotechnology · 2027Article
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- Recombinant Production of Ectoine fromACS omega · 2026Article
- Understanding Hepatopancreas-Associated Microbiota in the Supralittoral Tylos ponticus (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea): Insights from Next-Generation Sequencing Approaches.Microbial ecology · 2026Article
- Deciphering the evolutionary history of ectoine catabolism, a compatible solute utilized byApplied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- Halophilic bacteria and archaea in salinity-resilient agriculture: mechanisms and multi-omics perspectives.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- The LuxS/AI-2 quorum sensing system regulates osmotic adaptation, motility, and type VI secretion system inFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Biosynthesis and import of the cytoprotective extremolytes ectoine and hydroxyectoine in the phylumFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Unlocking Ectoine's Postbiotic Therapeutic Promise: Mechanisms, Applications, and Future Directions.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- The characterization of halophilic polyhydroxyalkanoate-producing bacteria from brine in Solivar near Prešov (Slovakia).World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2025Article
- Decoding metabolic trade-offs inSynthetic and systems biotechnology · 2025Article
- Compatible Solutes Prevent Lung Inflammation and Reduction in CFTR Induced by Combustion-Derived Nanoparticles in Human and Rodent Experimental Systems.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Genomic and metabonomic insights into the lignin-degrading potential of a novel halophilic bacterial strain Salinicoccus sp. HZC-1.BMC genomics · 2025Article
- Article
- Draft genome sequence and comparative genomic analysis of Halomonas salifodinae strain A2 isolated from the Zapotitlán Salinas Valley, Puebla, Mexico.Extremophiles : life under extreme conditions · 2025Article
- Surfing in the storm: how Paraburkholderia xenovorans thrives under stress during biodegradation of toxic aromatic compounds and other stressors.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- Genomic Insight intoPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Selection for toxin production in spatially structured environments increases with growth rate.The ISME journal · 2025Article
- Whole genome sequencing, characterization and analysis of coronene degrading bacterial strain Halomonas elongata.PloS one · 2025Article
- Article
77 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The halophilic γ-proteobacterium Halomonas elongata DSM 2581(T) thrives at high salinity by synthesizing and accumulating the compatible solute ectoine. Ectoine levels are highly regulated according to external salt levels but the overall picture of its metabolism and control is not well understood. Apart from its critical role in cell adaptation to halophilic environments, ectoine can be used as a stabilizer for enzymes and as a cell protectant in skin and health care applications and is thus produced annually on a scale of tons in an industrial process using H. elongata as producer strain. This paper presents the complete genome sequence of H. elongata (4,061,296 bp) and includes experiments and analysis identifying and characterizing the entire ectoine metabolism, including a newly discovered pathway for ectoine degradation and its cyclic connection to ectoine synthesis. The degradation of ectoine (doe) proceeds via hydrolysis of ectoine (DoeA) to Nα-acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid, followed by deacetylation to diaminobutyric acid (DoeB). In H. elongata, diaminobutyric acid can either flow off to aspartate or re-enter the ectoine synthesis pathway, forming a cycle of ectoine synthesis and degradation. Genome comparison revealed that the ectoine degradation pathway exists predominantly in non-halophilic bacteria unable to synthesize ectoine. Based on the resulting genetic and biochemical data, a metabolic flux model of ectoine metabolism was derived that can be used to understand the way H. elongata survives under varying salt stresses and that provides a basis for a model-driven improvement of industrial ectoine production.
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