ArticleLasers in surgery and medicine2010
Factors influencing tumor response to photodynamic therapy sensitized by intratumor administration of methylene blue.
Article in Lasers in surgery and medicine, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of methylene blue-mediated photodynamic therapy for treatment of basal cell carcinoma.Lasers in medical science · 2015Trial
- Phthalocyanine and Its Formulations: A Promising Photosensitizer for Cervical Cancer Phototherapy.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
- Comparative Study Regarding the Properties of Methylene Blue and Proflavine and Their Optimal Concentrations for In Vitro and In Vivo Applications.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Photoacoustic Imaging Quantifies Drug Release from Nanocarriers via Redox Chemistry of Dye-Labeled Cargo.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2020Article
- Methylene-Blue-Encapsulated Liposomes as Photodynamic Therapy Nano Agents for Breast Cancer Cells.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Article
- Non-invasive monitoring of alternative splicing outcomes to identify candidate therapies for myotonic dystrophy type 1.Nature communications · 2018Article
- Multifunctional Liposomes for Image-Guided Intratumoral Chemo-Phototherapy.Advanced healthcare materials · 2017Article
- Porphyrin-phospholipid liposomes permeabilized by near-infrared light.Nature communications · 2014Article
- Biomodulatory approaches to photodynamic therapy for solid tumors.Cancer letters · 2012Review
- Fluence rate-dependent photobleaching of intratumorally administered Pc 4 does not predict tumor growth delay.Photochemistry and photobiologyArticle
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesWe examined tumor response to methylene blue (MB)-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) in a murine tumor model. The goal was to investigate the effects of drug-light interval (DLI), injection vehicle, and fluence on tumor destruction. Fluorescence and reflectance spectroscopy informed our understanding. MATERIALS AND
methodsEMT6 tumor cells were implanted intradermally on the backs of female BALB/c mice and grown to ∼4-mm diameter. Mice were given a 35 µl, single site, intratumor injection of 500 µg/ml MB administered in either a water or a 5% ethanol-5% Cremophor-90% saline vehicle. PDT was begun either immediately or after a 1-hour DLI with a fluence rate of 60 mW/cm(2). Each animal received a fluence of 240 or 480 J/cm(2). Fluorescence and reflectance spectra were captured before and during irradiation.
resultsA protocol consisting of the Cremophor-based vehicle, 0 DLI, and a fluence of 480 J/cm(2) was the most effective, with a 55% cure rate as measured by no evidence of tumor 90 days after PDT. Use of the water vehicle with this fluence and DLI reduced the cure rate to 20%. Reducing the fluence to 240 J/cm(2) similarly reduced treatment efficacy with 0 and 1-hour DLIs. Univariate Cox proportional hazards analysis identified increased fluence, 0 versus 1-hour DLI, and the Cremophor versus water vehicle as highly significant independent predictors of long term tumor control (P < 0.01 in each case). Multivariate analysis with model selection revealed fluence and injection vehicle as the best predictors of survival hazards. Fluorescence spectroscopy in vivo showed that MB fluorescence decreased monotonically during a 2-hour dark interval but was restored by irradiation. Reflectance spectroscopy revealed that MB at this injected concentration attenuates the treatment beam significantly.
conclusionSensitizer delivery vehicle, drug-light interval, and fluence contribute significantly to the tumor response to MB-mediated PDT.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.