ArticleHead & neck2011
Immunoregulatory properties of CD44+ cancer stem-like cells in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.
Article in Head & neck, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Significance of CD44 expression in head and neck cancer: a systemic review and meta-analysis.BMC cancer · 2014Pooled it
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- Cancer Stem Cells Connecting to Immunotherapy: Key Insights, Challenges, and Potential Treatment Opportunities.Cancers · 2025Review
- Cancer stem cells and niches: challenges in immunotherapy resistance.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Cancer stem cells and tumor-associated macrophages as mates in tumor progression: mechanisms of crosstalk and advanced bioinformatic tools to dissect their phenotypes and interaction.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Brain microenvironment orchestrates highly aggressive tumor variants: current trends and therapeutic approaches.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Review
- Regulation of Cancer Stem Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment.Cancer heterogeneity and plasticity · 2025Article
- The immunomodulatory role of tumor-initiating cells in digestive system tumors: from mechanisms to therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Cancer Stem Cells in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Narrative Review on Experimental Characteristics and Methodological Challenges.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Tumor microenvironment of cancer stem cells: Perspectives on cancer stem cell targeting.Genes & diseases · 2024Review
- Metagenome analyses identify human endogenous retrovirus-K113 (HML-2) subtype in glioblastoma. Reply.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2023Article
- Breast cancer stem cells generate immune-suppressive T regulatory cells by secreting TGFβ to evade immune-elimination.Discover oncology · 2023Article
- Targeting cancer stem cells as a strategy for reducing chemotherapy resistance in head and neck cancers.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023Review
- Exploring the dynamic interplay between cancer stem cells and the tumor microenvironment: implications for novel therapeutic strategies.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Review
- Exploring stage‑specific embryonic antigen 3 involvement in oral cancer progression and as a potential target for taxane‑based chemotherapy.Oncology reports · 2023Article
- Cross-talk between cancer stem cells and immune cells: potential therapeutic targets in the tumor immune microenvironment.Molecular cancer · 2023Review
- Current understanding of cancer stem cells: Immune evasion and targeted immunotherapy in gastrointestinal malignancies.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- Article
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCD44 was found as a surface marker in cancer stem cell (CSC) of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN); however, the immunologic properties of such CSCs have not yet been elucidated.
methodsThe immunologic properties of CD44+ cancer stem-like cells were compared with those of CD44- cells using flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
resultsCD44+ cells exhibited weak HLA-A2 and class II expression. Interestingly, downregulation of transporter antigen processing (TAP)2 was found in CD44+ cells. The CD44+ cell population produced significantly higher levels of interleukin (IL)-8, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β than the CD44- cell population. Moreover, CD44+ cells have been shown to not only more strongly inhibit T-cell proliferation, but also to more efficiently inhibit regulatory T cells (Treg cells) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) as compared with CD44- cells. Additionally, CD44+ cells suppressed Th1 responses and enhanced regulatory T cell responses.
conclusionCSCs might have higher malignant potential with numerous escape strategies from immune attack.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.