Evidence map›Paper›PMID 20843859›Full record

ArticleDevelopment (Cambridge, England)2010

FGF8 acts as a classic diffusible morphogen to pattern the neocortex.

Reiko Toyoda, Stavroula Assimacopoulos, Jennifer Wilcoxon, Albert Taylor, Polina Feldman, Asuka Suzuki-Hirano, Tomomi Shimogori, Elizabeth A Grove

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Development (Cambridge, England), 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
65citing papers in PubMed
3.6field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

65 citing papers in PubMed, 109 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Geometric influences on the regional organization of the mammalian brain.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. CaCell death & disease · 2022
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Structural and Functional Aspects of the Neurodevelopmental GeneFrontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2021
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Single-cell RNA-seq analysis revealed long-lasting adverse effects of tamoxifen on neurogenesis in prenatal and adult brains.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020
    Article
  20. Article

5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Reiko ToyodaDepartment of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
Stavroula Assimacopoulos
Jennifer Wilcoxon
Albert Taylor
Polina Feldman
Asuka Suzuki-Hirano
Tomomi Shimogori
Elizabeth A Grove
University of Chicago · US

Funding

Molecular Mechanisms of Cerebral Cortical PatterningR01HD042330 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI GROVE, ELIZABETH ELIZABETH · 2002 to 2011
$3.0M
NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD042330NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD42330
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Gain- and loss-of-function experiments have demonstrated that a source of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 8 regulates anterior to posterior (A/P) patterning in the neocortical area map. Whether FGF8 controls patterning as a classic diffusible morphogen has not been directly tested. We report evidence that FGF8 diffuses through the mouse neocortical primordium from a discrete source in the anterior telencephalon, forms a protein gradient across the entire A/P extent of the primordium, and acts directly at a distance from its source to determine area identity. FGF8 immunofluorescence revealed FGF8 protein distributed in an A/P gradient. Fate-mapping experiments showed that outside the most anterior telencephalon, neocortical progenitor cells did not express Fgf8, nor were they derived from Fgf8-expressing cells, suggesting that graded distribution of FGF8 results from protein diffusion from the anterior source. Supporting this conclusion, a dominant-negative high-affinity FGF8 receptor captured endogenous FGF8 at a distance from the FGF8 source. New FGF8 sources introduced by electroporation showed haloes of FGF8 immunofluorescence indicative of FGF8 diffusion, and surrounding cells reacted to a new source of FGF8 by upregulating different FGF8-responsive genes in concentric domains around the source. Reducing endogenous FGF8 with the dominant-negative receptor in the central neocortical primordium induced cells to adopt a more posterior area identity, demonstrating long-range area patterning by FGF8. These observations support FGF8 as a classic diffusible morphogen in neocortex, thereby guiding future studies of neocortical pattern formation.

Indexed as

AnimalsAntibodies, MonoclonalBody PatterningElectroporationFibroblast Growth Factor 8Fluorescent Antibody TechniqueGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalImmunohistochemistryIn Situ HybridizationMiceMicroscopy, ConfocalNeocortexReceptors, Fibroblast Growth FactorAntibodies, MonoclonalFgf8 protein, mouseFibroblast Growth Factor 8Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor

Identifiers

PMID20843859
PMCPMC2947756
OpenAlexW2164288334

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.