ArticleThe international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease2010
Significant variation in presentation of pulmonary tuberculosis across a high resolution of CD4 strata.
Article in The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning-based prediction of tuberculosis treatment failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2026Pooled it
- Radiographic characteristics of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis in the STREAM stage 1 trial and their influence on time to culture conversion in the short regimen.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Trial
- Clinical and transcriptomic risk factors for post-tuberculosis lung disease in a cohort of Kenyan adults.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2026Observational
- AI/ML-based prediction of TB treatment failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- AFrontiers in tuberculosis · 2026Article
- Pathogenesis of Post-Tuberculosis Lung Disease: Defining Knowledge Gaps and Research Priorities at the Second International Post-Tuberculosis Symposium.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2024Review
- Article
- Recently activated CD4 T cells in tuberculosis express OX40 as a target for host-directed immunotherapy.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Clinical Evaluation of a Line-Probe Assay for Tuberculosis Detection and Drug-Resistance Prediction in Namibia.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- CD38 Expression by Antigen-Specific CD4 T Cells Is Significantly Restored 5 Months After Treatment Initiation Independently of Sputum Bacterial Load at the Time of Tuberculosis Diagnosis.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Culture Conversion in Patients Treated with Bedaquiline and/or Delamanid. A Prospective Multicountry Study.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2021Observational
- Host-Directed Therapies: Modulating Inflammation to Treat Tuberculosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Identification of Reduced Host Transcriptomic Signatures for Tuberculosis Disease and Digital PCR-Based Validation and Quantification.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Tuberculosis Transmission or Mortality Among Persons Living with HIV, USA, 2011-2016.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2020Article
- Characteristics Indicative of Tuberculosis/HIV Coinfection in a High-Burden Setting: Lessons from 13,802 Incident Tuberculosis Cases in Harare, Zimbabwe.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2020Article
- Cavitary tuberculosis: the gateway of disease transmission.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2020Review
- Patient outcomes associated with post-tuberculosis lung damage in Malawi: a prospective cohort study.Thorax · 2020Article
- Disease extent and anti-tubercular treatment response correlates withClinical & translational immunology · 2020Article
- Metabolic Regulation of Immune Responses toFrontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- CD4 T Cells inFrontiers in immunology · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) alters the presentation of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), but it remains unclear whether alterations occur at a CD4 cell threshold or throughout HIV infection.
objectiveTo better understand the relationship between CD4 count and clinical and radiographic presentation of PTB. SETTING AND
designInitial presentations of culture-confirmed PTB patients evaluated at a Ugandan national TB referral center and an affiliated research unit were compared by HIV status and across 11 CD4 cell count strata: 0-50 to >500 cells/μl.
resultsA total of 873 HIV-infected PTB cases were identified. Among HIV-infected PTB cases with CD4 < 50, 21% had a normal chest X-ray (CXR) vs. 2% with CD4 > 500, with a continuous trend across CD4 strata (test for trend, P < 0.001). All radiographic manifestations of PTB displayed significant trends across CD4 strata. HIV-infected vs. non-HIV-infected patients had no significant difference in CXR findings of miliary patterns or pleural effusion at CD4 > 100, normal CXR or fibrosis at CD4 > 150, adenopathy at CD4 > 250, and cavitation or upper lung disease at CD4 > 300. Twenty-three per cent of co-infected cases with CD4 < 50 and 1% with CD4 > 500 had negative acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smears, with a significant trend between (P < 0.001).
conclusionVariations in CXR appearance and AFB smear correlate with CD4 decline in significant, continuous trends.
Indexed as
Identifiers
20843421PMC3033769W1925001583What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.