ArticleRetrovirology2010
Higher levels of Zidovudine resistant HIV in the colon compared to blood and other gastrointestinal compartments in HIV infection.
Article in Retrovirology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Early pandemic HIV-1 integration site preferences differ across anatomical sites.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Apollo: a comprehensive GPU-powered within-host simulator for viral evolution and infection dynamics across population, tissue, and cell.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Apollo: A comprehensive GPU-powered within-host simulator for viral evolution and infection dynamics across population, tissue, and cell.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- A Canadian Survey of Research on HIV-1 Latency-Where Are We Now and Where Are We Heading?Viruses · 2024Review
- Delivering CRISPR to the HIV-1 reservoirs.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Review
- HIV Persistence in Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissues: Pharmacological Challenges and Opportunities.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2017Review
- A spatio-temporal assessment of simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) evolution reveals a highly dynamic process within the host.PLoS pathogens · 2017Article
- A Case of Long-Term Seronegative Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection: The Importance of the Humoral Response to HIV.Open forum infectious diseases · 2016Article
- Compartmentalization of hepatitis B virus: Looking beyond the liver.World journal of hepatology · 2015Article
- The emergence of drug resistant HIV variants and novel anti-retroviral therapy.Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine · 2013Review
- Gastrointestinal viral load and enteroendocrine cell number are associated with altered survival in HIV-1 infected individuals.PloS one · 2013Article
- Effect of early anti-retroviral therapy on the pathogenic changes in mucosal tissues of SIV infected rhesus macaques.Virology journal · 2012Article
- Practical Considerations For Developing Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors.Drug discovery today. Technologies · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) is the largest lymphoid organ infected by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). It serves as a viral reservoir and host-pathogen interface in infection. This study examined whether different parts of the gut and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) contain different drug-resistant HIV-1 variants.
methodsGut biopsies (esophagus, stomach, duodenum and colon) and PBL were obtained from 8 HIV-1 infected preHAART (highly active antiretroviral therapy) patients at three visits over 18 months. Patients received AZT, ddI or combinations of AZT/ddI. HIV-1 Reverse transcriptase (RT)-coding sequences were amplified from viral DNA obtained from gut tissues and PBL, using nested PCR. The PCR fragments were cloned and sequenced. The resulting sequences were subjected to phylogenetic analyses, and antiretroviral drug mutations were identified.
resultsPhylogenetic and drug mutation analyses revealed differential distribution of drug resistant mutations in the gut within patients. The level of drug-resistance conferred by the RT sequences was significantly different between different gut tissues and PBL, and varied with antiretroviral therapy. The sequences conferring the highest level of drug-resistance to AZT were found in the colon.
conclusionThis study confirms that different drug-resistant HIV-1 variants are present in different gut tissues, and it is the first report to document that particular gut tissues may select for drug resistant HIV-1 variants.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.