[Characterization of ENU-mutant mice. Animal models for human diseases using morphological and molecular methods].

Following sequencing of the human genome there are new challenges to decipher the knowledge concerning gene function and the role of gene interactions and pathways leading to disease. Mouse models have proven to be an ideal tool for this purpose. Point mutations induced by chemical mutagenesis by N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) offer possibilities for the analysis of the phenotypic outcome of a single base pair exchange on the entire organism. The Munich ENU mouse mutagenesis project is part of the worldwide efforts to obtain mutations for each gene. The generation of new alleles or allelic series offers relevant insights into the relevance of single gene sections. Various mouse models for human diseases have been generated by a systematic large-scale genome-wide phenotyping screen in the last decade. This work illustrates how the implementation of the ENU mouse mutagenesis project with gene identification and parallel high-throughput screening is taking advantage of local cooperation with experienced phenotyping groups at the Helmholtz Zentrum München, leading to major advances in the functional analysis of the mammalian genome.