ReviewEnvironmental health perspectives2010
Lead and PCBs as risk factors for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
Review in Environmental health perspectives, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 121 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
121 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 270 citations in OpenAlex.
- The relationship between persistent organic pollutants and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder phenotypes: Evidence from task-based neural activity in an observational study of a community sample of Canadian mother-child dyads.Environmental research · 2022Pooled it
- Developmental PBDE Exposure and IQ/ADHD in Childhood: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Environmental health perspectives · 2017Pooled it
- Predicting Methylphenidate Response in ADHD Using Machine Learning Approaches.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2015Trial
- Impact of antenatal exposure to a mixture of endocrine disruptors on attentional and executive functions in children.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2026Article
- Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Oxidative Stress, and Brain Health: Mechanistic Links to Neurodegenerative and Neurodevelopmental Diseases.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Effects of polychlorinated biphenyls on the peripheral and central auditory systems.Hearing research · 2025Review
- Unraveling Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Etiology: Current Challenges and Future Directions in Treatment.NeuroSci · 2025Review
- Prenatal exposure to persistent organic pollutants and emotional and behavioral outcomes from early childhood to adolescence: Rhea Cohort Study in Crete, Greece.Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2025Article
- Identifying novel chemical-related susceptibility genes for five psychiatric disorders through integrating genome-wide association study and tissue-specific 3'aQTL annotation datasets.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2025Article
- Cognitive effects of early life exposure to PCBs in rats: Sex-specific behavioral, hormonal and neuromolecular mechanisms involving the brain dopamine system.Hormones and behavior · 2025Article
- Effect of Lead Exposure and Lifestyle Factors on Methylation Index Markers Among Pb-Exposed Workers.Biological trace element research · 2025Article
- The Multidimensional Dynamic Feedback Model: A Comprehensive Framework for Understanding and Managing Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Shrinking the footprint of the criminal legal system through policies informed by psychology and neuroscience.Communications psychology · 2024Review
- The Effect of Maternal Exposure to Air Pollutants and Heavy Metals during Pregnancy on the Risk of Neurological Disorders Using the National Health Insurance Claims Data of South Korea.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
- Necessity of an Integrative Animal Model for a Comprehensive Study of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Levels of Toxic and Essential Elements and Associated Factors in the Hair of Japanese Young Children.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Animal Models of Childhood Exposure to Lead or Manganese: Evidence for Impaired Attention, Impulse Control, and Affect Regulation and Assessment of Potential Therapies.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2023Review
- Effects of single and combined exposure to lead and stress during pregnancy on offspring neurodevelopment.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2022Article
- Review
- Neurotoxicants, the Developing Brain, and Mental Health.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2022Article
61 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesAttention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most frequently diagnosed neurobehavioral disorder of childhood, yet its etiology is not well understood. In this review we present evidence that environmental chemicals, particularly polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and lead, are associated with deficits in many neurobehavioral functions that are also impaired in ADHD. DATA SOURCES: Human and animal studies of developmental PCB or lead exposures that assessed specific functional domains shown to be impaired in ADHD children were identified via searches of PubMed using "lead" or "PCB exposure" in combination with key words, including "attention," "working memory," "response inhibition," "executive function," "cognitive function," "behavior," and "ADHD." DATA SYNTHESIS: Children and laboratory animals exposed to lead or PCBs show deficits in many aspects of attention and executive function that have been shown to be impaired in children diagnosed with ADHD, including tests of working memory, response inhibition, vigilance, and alertness. Studies conducted to date suggest that lead may reduce both attention and response inhibition, whereas PCBs may impair response inhibition to a greater degree than attention. Low-level lead exposure has been associated with a clinical diagnosis of ADHD in several recent studies. Similar studies of PCBs have not been conducted.
conclusionsWe speculate that exposures to environmental contaminants, including lead and PCBs, may increase the prevalence of ADHD.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.