ArticleAIDS (London, England)2010
Effect of raltegravir-containing intensification on HIV burden and T-cell activation in multiple gut sites of HIV-positive adults on suppressive antiretroviral therapy.
Article in AIDS (London, England), 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00884793 (A Prospective Longitudinal Pilot Study to Measure the Effect of Intensification With Raltegravir +/- a Protease Inhibitor), which is not on this map. Cited by 156 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Prospective Longitudinal Pilot Study to Measure the Effect of Intensification With Raltegravir +/- a Protease Inhibitor (PI) or Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NNRTI) on HIV-1 Levels in the Gut
Who cites it
156 citing papers in PubMed, 234 citations in OpenAlex.
- Doubling dolutegravir dosage reduces the viral reservoir in ART-treated people with HIV.eLife · 2026Trial
- Antiretroviral Therapy Intensification With Dolutegravir and/or Maraviroc Did Not Affect HIV-1 Cell-Associated DNA, RNA, and 2--LTR Circles Over 12 Weeks.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Trial
- Virological and immunological responses to raltegravir and dolutegravir in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue of HIV-infected men and women.Antiviral therapy · 2018Trial
- Effects of Combined CCR5/Integrase Inhibitors-Based Regimen on Mucosal Immunity in HIV-Infected Patients Naïve to Antiretroviral Therapy: A Pilot Randomized Trial.PLoS pathogens · 2016Trial
- Effect of therapeutic intensification followed by HIV DNA prime and rAd5 boost vaccination on HIV-specific immunity and HIV reservoir (EraMune 02): a multicentre randomised clinical trial.The lancet. HIV · 2015Trial
- A randomized open-label study of 3- versus 5-drug combination antiretroviral therapy in newly HIV-1-infected individuals.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2014Trial
- The HIV-1 reservoir in eight patients on long-term suppressive antiretroviral therapy is stable with few genetic changes over time.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2013Trial
- Increase in 2-long terminal repeat circles and decrease in D-dimer after raltegravir intensification in patients with treated HIV infection: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2013Trial
- Modelling HIV-1 2-LTR dynamics following raltegravir intensification.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2013Trial
- Trial
- Prospective antiretroviral treatment of asymptomatic, HIV-1 infected controllers.PLoS pathogens · 2013Trial
- Predictors of residual viraemia in patients on long-term suppressive antiretroviral therapy.Antiviral therapy · 2013Trial
- A randomized controlled trial assessing the effects of raltegravir intensification on endothelial function in treated HIV infection.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2012Trial
- No effect of raltegravir intensification on viral replication markers in the blood of HIV-1-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2012Trial
- A randomized, controlled trial of raltegravir intensification in antiretroviral-treated, HIV-infected patients with a suboptimal CD4+ T cell response.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2011Trial
- Trial
- A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of abacavir intensification in HIV-1-infected adults with virologic suppression on a protease inhibitor-containing regimen.HIV clinical trialsTrial
- The TLR7 agonist vesatolimod does not measurably induce SIV expression in macaques receiving combination antiretroviral therapy initiated during chronic infection.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025Article
- Doubling dolutegravir dosage reduces the viral reservoir in ART-treated people with HIV.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Understanding residual risk of cardiovascular disease in people with HIV.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2025Review
96 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo determine whether raltegravir-containing antiretroviral therapy (ART) intensification reduces HIV levels in the gut.
designOpen-label study in HIV-positive adults on ART with plasma HIV RNA below 40 copies/ml.
methodsSeven HIV-positive adults received 12 weeks of ART intensification with raltegravir alone or in combination with efavirenz or darunavir. Gut cells were obtained by upper and lower endoscopy with biopsies from duodenum, ileum, colon, and rectum at baseline and 12 weeks. Study outcomes included plasma HIV RNA, HIV DNA and RNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and four gut sites, T-cell subsets, and activation markers.
resultsIntensification produced no consistent decrease in HIV RNA in the plasma, PBMC, duodenum, colon, or rectum. However, five of seven participants had a decrease in unspliced HIV RNA per 10 CD4(+) T cells in the ileum. There was a trend towards decreased T-cell activation in all sites, which was greatest for CD8(+) T cells in the ileum and PBMC, and a trend towards increased CD4(+) T cells in the ileum.
conclusionMost HIV RNA and DNA in the blood and gut is not the result of ongoing replication that can be impacted by short-term intensification with raltegravir. However, the ileum may support ongoing productive infection in some patients on ART, even if the contribution to plasma RNA is not discernible.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.