SynthesisBMC public health2010
The incidence of all stroke and stroke subtype in the United Kingdom, 1985 to 2008: a systematic review.
Synthesis in BMC public health, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Incidence and Long-Term Survival of Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage Over Time: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Pooled it
- Helicobacter pylori infection contributes to high risk of ischemic stroke: evidence from a meta-analysis.Journal of neurology · 2012Pooled it
- Neuroprotective, Anti-inflammatory Effect of Furanochrome, Visnagin Against Middle Cerebral Ischemia-Induced Rat Model.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2022Article
- Hospital costs associated with adverse events in people with diabetes in the UK.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2022Article
- Decrements in health-related quality of life associated with adverse events in people with diabetes.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2022Article
- Salvianolic Acid D Alleviates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Suppressing the Cytoplasmic Translocation and Release of HMGB1-Triggered NF-Mediators of inflammation · 2020Article
- Article
- Statin use and high-dose statin use after ischemic stroke in the UK: a retrospective cohort study.Clinical epidemiology · 2019Article
- Elevated Plasma Level of Soluble Form of RAGE in Ischemic Stroke Patients with Dementia.Neuromolecular medicine · 2017Article
- Association of Body Mass Index With Cardiometabolic Disease in the UK Biobank: A Mendelian Randomization Study.JAMA cardiology · 2017Article
- The Use of Enteral Nutrition in the Management of Stroke.Nutrients · 2016Review
- Trends in the epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in the UK.Heart (British Cardiac Society) · 2016Review
- Association Between Ischemic Stroke and Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitor Therapy in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2016Observational
- Risk of Cerebrovascular Diseases After Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Nationwide Cohort Study.Medicine · 2015Article
- Home-based neurologic music therapy for upper limb rehabilitation with stroke patients at community rehabilitation stage-a feasibility study protocol.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2015Article
- Current concepts on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) perfusion-diffusion assessment in acute ischaemic stroke: a review & an update for the clinicians.The Indian journal of medical research · 2014Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThere is considerable geographic variation in stroke mortality around the United Kingdom (UK). Whether this is due to geographical differences in incidence or case-fatality is unclear. We conducted a systematic review of high-quality studies documenting the incidence of any stroke and stroke subtypes, between 1985 and 2008 in the UK. We aimed to study geographic and temporal trends in relation to equivalent mortality trends.
methodsMEDLINE and EMBASE were searched, reference lists inspected and authors of included papers were contacted. All rates were standardised to the European Standard Population for those over 45, and between 45 and 74 years. Stroke mortality rates for the included areas were then calculated to produce rate ratios of stroke mortality to incidence for each location.
resultsFive papers were included in this review. Geographic variation was narrow but incidence appeared to largely mirror mortality rates for all stroke. For men over 45, incidence (and confidence intervals) per 100,000 ranged from 124 (109-141) in South London, to 185 (164-208) in Scotland. For men, premature (45-74 years) stroke incidence per 100,000 ranged from 79 (67-94) in the North West, to 112 (95-132) in Scotland. Stroke subtype data was more geographically restricted, but did suggest there is no sizeable variation in incidence by subtype around the country. Only one paper, based in South London, had data on temporal trends. This showed that there has been a decline in stroke incidence since the mid 1990 s. This could not be compared to any other locations in this review.
conclusionsGeographic variations in stroke incidence appear to mirror variations in mortality rates. This suggests policies to reduce inequalities in stroke mortality should be directed at risk factor profiles rather than treatment after a first incident event. More high quality stroke incidence data from around the UK are needed before this can be confirmed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.