ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2010
LIL3, a light-harvesting-like protein, plays an essential role in chlorophyll and tocopherol biosynthesis.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers.
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62 citing papers in PubMed, 127 citations in OpenAlex.
- De novo coassembly of functional chlorophyll- and carotenoid-protein complexes inScience advances · 2026Article
- A Direct ALAD-SSUII Interaction Implies a Potential Link Between Tetrapyrrole and Terpenoid Pathways Toward Chlorophyll Biosynthesis in Plants.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Quantitative western blotting adapted for expanded sample capacity with non-linear curve fitting.Journal of plant research · 2026Article
- Comparative genomics of light harvesting chlorophyll a/b binding protein (LHC) family in green jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana) reveal the effect of domestication based on haplotype-resolved genome.BMC plant biology · 2026Article
- APE1 localizes to chloroplast stromules and interacts with ATI1 in Arabidopsis.Plant signaling & behavior · 2025Article
- TkSRPP3/4 interactors TkGGR1 and TkLIL3 link plastid-like organelles with isoprenoid metabolism in Taraxacum koksaghyz latex.Plant cell reports · 2025Article
- Alfalfa transcriptomic responses to the field pathobiome.Plant biology (Stuttgart, Germany) · 2025Article
- Vitamin E in Plants: Biosynthesis Pathways, Biofortification Strategies, and Regulatory Dynamics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Total tocopherol levels in maize grain depend on chlorophyll biosynthesis within the embryo.BMC plant biology · 2025Article
- Dynamic identification of candidate genes associated with higher tocopherol biosynthesis inFrontiers in plant science · 2025Article
- 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase 2 bridges the OPP and shikimate pathways to enhance aromatic amino acid production in plants.Science China. Life sciences · 2024Article
- Exploring the interplay between angiosperm chlorophyll metabolism and environmental factors.Planta · 2024Review
- Whole-Transcriptome Sequencing Reveals a ceRNA Regulatory Network Associated with the Process of Periodic Albinism under Low Temperature in Baiye No. 1 (International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Phytol recycling: essential, yet not limiting for tomato fruit tocopherol accumulation under normal growing conditions.Plant molecular biology · 2023Article
- LHC-like Proteins: The Guardians of Photosynthesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Role of Tocochromanols in Tolerance of Cereals to Biotic Stresses: Specific Focus on Pathogenic and Toxigenic Fungal Species.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Post-translational regulation of metabolic checkpoints in plant tetrapyrrole biosynthesis.Journal of experimental botany · 2022Review
- Genome-wide association identifies a missing hydrolase for tocopherol synthesis in plants.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- The terminal enzymes of (bacterio)chlorophyll biosynthesis.Royal Society open science · 2022Review
- Plant LHC-like proteins show robust folding and static non-photochemical quenching.Nature communications · 2021Article
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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11 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The light-harvesting chlorophyll-binding (LHC) proteins are major constituents of eukaryotic photosynthetic machinery. In plants, six different groups of proteins, LHC-like proteins, share a conserved motif with LHC. Although the evolution of LHC and LHC-like proteins is proposed to be a key for the diversification of modern photosynthetic eukaryotes, our knowledge of the evolution and functions of LHC-like proteins is still limited. In this study, we aimed to understand specifically the function of one type of LHC-like proteins, LIL3 proteins, by analyzing Arabidopsis mutants lacking them. The Arabidopsis genome contains two gene copies for LIL3, LIL3:1 and LIL3:2. In the lil3:1/lil3:2 double mutant, the majority of chlorophyll molecules are conjugated with an unsaturated geranylgeraniol side chain. This mutant is also deficient in α-tocopherol. These results indicate that reduction of both the geranylgeraniol side chain of chlorophyll and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate, which is also an essential intermediate of tocopherol biosynthesis, is compromised in the lil3 mutants. We found that the content of geranylgeranyl reductase responsible for these reactions was severely reduced in the lil3 double mutant, whereas the mRNA level for this enzyme was not significantly changed. We demonstrated an interaction of geranylgeranyl reductase with both LIL3 isoforms by using a split ubiquitin assay, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, and combined blue-native and SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. We propose that LIL3 is functionally involved in chlorophyll and tocopherol biosynthesis by stabilizing geranylgeranyl reductase.
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