ArticleDiabetes2010
High levels of serum prolactin protect against diabetic retinopathy by increasing ocular vasoinhibins.
Article in Diabetes, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03161652 (Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Levosulpiride to Improve Retinal Alterations in Patients With Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetic Macular Edema.), which is not on this map. Cited by 34 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Levosulpiride to Improve Retinal Alterations in Patients With Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetic Macular Edema.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- Levosulpiride for the treatment of diabetic macular oedema: a phase 2 randomized clinical trial.Eye (London, England) · 2024Trial
- Levosulpiride Increases the Levels of Prolactin and Antiangiogenic Vasoinhibin in the Vitreous of Patients with Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy.Translational vision science & technology · 2020Trial
- Association Between Hormone Levels and Retinopathy in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study.Translational vision science & technology · 2025Article
- Diabetic macular edema: Upcoming therapies.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2025Review
- Prolactin: structure, receptors, and functions.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2024Review
- Retinal prolactin isoform PRLΔE1 sustains rod disease in inherited retinal degenerations.Cell death & disease · 2024Article
- Correlation between reproductive hormones levels and semen quality in patients with diabetes.Journal of medicine and life · 2022Article
- Prolactin Expression in the Baboon (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- Prolactin and vasoinhibin are endogenous players in diabetic retinopathy revisited.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Antitumor effect of isoquercetin on tissue vasohibin expression and colon cancer vasculature.Oncotarget · 2022Article
- Serum progesterone and retinopathy in male patients with type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2021Article
- Short prolactin isoforms are expressed in photoreceptors of canine retinas undergoing retinal degeneration.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Development of Vasoinhibin-Specific Monoclonal Antibodies.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Article
- The Interplay Between Pituitary Health and Diabetes Mellitus - The Need for 'Hypophyseo-Vigilance'.European endocrinology · 2020Review
- A review on vasohibin and ocular neovascularization.International journal of ophthalmology · 2020Review
- Regulator of Angiogenesis and Vascular Function: A 2019 Update of the Vasoinhibin Nomenclature.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2019Article
- Interactions Between the Neuroendocrine System and T Lymphocytes in Diabetes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2018Review
- Basis and Design of a Randomized Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Effect of Levosulpiride on Retinal Alterations in Patients With Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetic Macular Edema.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2018Article
- Dual contribution of TRPV4 antagonism in the regulatory effect of vasoinhibins on blood-retinal barrier permeability: diabetic milieu makes a difference.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Higher prolactin and vasoinhibin serum levels associated with incidence and progression of retinopathy of prematurity.Pediatric research · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveIncreased retinal vasopermeability (RVP) occurs early in diabetes and is crucial for the development of sight-threatening proliferative diabetic retinopathy (DR). The hormone prolactin (PRL) is proteolytically processed to vasoinhibins, a family of peptides that inhibit the excessive RVP related to DR. Here, we investigate the circulating levels of PRL in association with DR in men and test whether increased circulating PRL, by serving as a source of ocular vasoinhibins, can reduce the pathological RVP in diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsSerum PRL was evaluated in 40 nondiabetic and 181 diabetic men at various stages of DR. Retinal vasoinhibins were measured in rats rendered hyperprolactinemic by placing two anterior pituitary grafts under the kidney capsule and in PRL receptor-null mice. RVP was determined in hyperprolactinemic rats subjected to the intraocular injection of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or made diabetic with streptozotocin.
resultsThe circulating levels of PRL increased in diabetes and were higher in diabetic patients without retinopathy than in those with proliferative DR. In rodents, hyperprolactinemia led to vasoinhibin accumulation within the retina; genetic deletion of the PRL receptor prevented this effect, indicating receptor-mediated incorporation of systemic PRL into the eye. Hyperprolactinemia reduced both VEGF-induced and diabetes-induced increase of RVP. This reduction was blocked by bromocriptine, an inhibitor of pituitary PRL secretion, which lowers the levels of circulating PRL and retinal vasoinhibins.
conclusionsCirculating PRL influences the progression of DR after its intraocular conversion to vasoinhibins. Inducing hyperprolactinemia may represent a novel therapy against DR.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.