ReviewJournal of gastroenterology2011
Primary biliary cirrhosis and autoimmune hepatitis: apotopes and epitopes.
Review in Journal of gastroenterology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Consensus guidelines: best practices for detection, assessment and management of suspected acute drug-induced liver injury occurring during clinical trials in adults with chronic cholestatic liver disease.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2020Guideline
- Trends and hotspots in autoimmune hepatitis research: based on bibliometric analysis.Hereditas · 2025Review
- Primary Biliary Cholangitis and Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis: Current Knowledge of Pathogenesis and Therapeutics.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Galectin-3 in Inflammasome Activation and Primary Biliary Cholangitis Development.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Primary biliary cholangitis: pathogenesis and therapeutic opportunities.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2020Review
- Abnormal Expression of ERα in Cholangiocytes of Patients With Primary Biliary Cholangitis Mediated Intrahepatic Bile Duct Inflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Adaptive immunity in the liver.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2016Review
- Deletion of Galectin-3 Enhances Xenobiotic Induced Murine Primary Biliary Cholangitis by Facilitating Apoptosis of BECs and Release of Autoantigens.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Shotgun proteomics: identification of unique protein profiles of apoptotic bodies from biliary epithelial cells.Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) · 2014Article
- Coherent somatic mutation in autoimmune disease.PloS one · 2014Review
- Antimitochondrial antibody heterogeneity and the xenobiotic etiology of primary biliary cirrhosis.Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) · 2013Article
- The immunopathology of liver granulomas in primary biliary cirrhosis.Journal of autoimmunity · 2012Article
- Primary biliary cirrhosis and Sjögren's syndrome: autoimmune epithelitis.Journal of autoimmunity · 2012Review
- Autoimmune hepatitis type 2 associated with an unexpected and transient presence of primary biliary cirrhosis-specific antimitochondrial antibodies: a case study and review of the literature.BMC gastroenterology · 2012Review
- Primary biliary cirrhosis: bad genes, bad luck.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2012Article
- Electrophile-modified lipoic derivatives of PDC-E2 elicits anti-mitochondrial antibody reactivity.Journal of autoimmunity · 2011Article
- A 50-year experience with autoimmune hepatitis: and where are we now?Journal of gastroenterology · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Autoimmune liver diseases (ALDs) represent a wide spectrum of chronic inflammatory diseases that are characterized by an immune-mediated attack against either hepatocytes (in the case of autoimmune hepatitis types 1 and 2, AIH-1, 2) or cholangiocytes (in primary biliary cirrhosis, PBC). PBC is considered a model autoimmune disease due to the homogeneity of patients, the high specificity of antimitochondrial antibodies (AMAs), and the specificity of biliary epithelial cell (BEC) destruction. It ensues from a multi-lineage loss of tolerance to the E2 component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC-E2). One of the major unanswered questions in the pathogenesis of PBC is the specificity of small intrahepatic bile duct attack while PDC-E2 is present in mitochondria of nucleated cells. Recent findings suggest that the apoptosis of BECs may be of considerable importance for understanding PBC, and that they are more than simply an innocent victim of an immune attack. Rather, they attract immune attack by virtue of the unique biochemical mechanisms by which they handle PDC-E2. The role of apoptotic cells in AIH is not well defined, but advances in the study of autoreactive T cells stem mostly from AIH type 2, where the main autoantigen (CYP2D6) is known, enabling the characterization of antigen-specific immune responses. This review article is intended to provide a critical overview of current evidence on tissue specificity in ALDs, as well as the characteristics of the relevant epitopes and apotopes and their biological and clinical significance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.