ReviewJournal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry2010
Measured gene-by-environment interaction in relation to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
Review in Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 93 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
93 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Early Life Exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) and ADHD: A Meta-Analysis of Nine European Population-Based Studies.Environmental health perspectives · 2020Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Omega-3 fatty acid and ADHD: blood level analysis and meta-analytic extension of supplementation trials.Clinical psychology review · 2014Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms, restriction diet, and synthetic food color additives.Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 2012Pooled it
- Predicting Methylphenidate Response in ADHD Using Machine Learning Approaches.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2015Trial
- Integrating Genetic, Environmental, Cognitive, and Temperament Data for ADHD Prediction in Explainable Deep Learning Models.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Vipr2 Gene Expression Is Upregulated in the Nucleus Accumbens of Spontaneous Hypertensive Rats During Early Life.Neuropsychopharmacology reports · 2026Article
- Brain controllability mediates the effects of early life adversity on adolescent behavior and cognition moderated by genetic risks.Research square · 2026Article
- Digital Media, Genetics, and Risk for ADHD Symptoms in Children: A Longitudinal Study.Pediatrics open science · 2026Article
- The Evolving ADHD Phenotype in the Externalizing Context.The American journal of psychiatry · 2026Review
- Using Bifactor Twin Modeling to Assess the Genetic and Environmental Dimensionality of Adult ADHD Symptoms.Behavior genetics · 2025Article
- Examining the interaction between prenatal stress and polygenic risk for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder on brain growth in childhood: Findings from the DREAM BIG consortium.Developmental psychobiology · 2024Article
- Neonatal risk factors associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: an umbrella review.Clinical and experimental pediatrics · 2023Article
- The role of Smo-Shh/Gli signaling activation in the prevention of neurological and ageing disorders.Biogerontology · 2023Review
- Inflammation, Dopaminergic Brain and Bilirubin.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- A Potential Role for Neuroinflammation in ADHD.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2023Review
- Organophosphorus Pesticide Exposure at 17 Weeks' Gestation and Odds of Offspring Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Diagnosis in the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- A Gene-Environment Interaction Study of Polygenic Scores and Maltreatment on Childhood ADHD.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2022Article
- Is ADHD a way of conceptualizing long-term emotional stress and social disadvantage?Frontiers in public health · 2022Review
- Individual differences in sensitivity to positive home environment among children "at risk" for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Review
33 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo summarize and evaluate the state of knowledge regarding the role of measured gene-by-environment interactions in relation to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
methodA selective review of methodologic issues was followed by a systematic search for relevant articles on measured gene-by-environment interactions; the search yielded 16 studies, which are discussed in qualitative fashion.
resultsRelatively consistent evidence points to the interaction of genotype with psychosocial factors in the development of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. The next step is to identify the mechanisms on the environment side and the gene combinations on the genetic side accounting for this effect. In contrast, evidence for gene-by-environment interactions involving pre- and perinatal risk factors is generally negative or unreplicated. The aggregate effect size for psychosocial interaction with genotype is more than double that for the interaction of pre- and perinatal risks with genotype. Only a small fraction of candidate environments and gene markers has been studied, and multivariate methods to integrate multiple gene or environment markers have yet to be implemented.
conclusionsGene-by-environment interaction appears likely to prove fruitful in understanding the etiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Findings to date already suggest new avenues of investigation particularly involving psychosocial mechanisms and their interplay with genotype. Further pursuit of theoretically promising leads is recommended.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.