ArticleBMC cancer2010
An investigation of breast cancer risk factors in Cyprus: a case control study.
Article in BMC cancer, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of breastfeeding on the risk of breast cancer: a meta-analysis of observational studies.International breastfeeding journal · 2026Pooled it
- Use of Oral Contraceptives as a Potential Risk Factor for Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Case-Control Studies Up to 2010.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Does marital status correlate with the female breast cancer risk? A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.PloS one · 2020Pooled it
- Breastfeeding and maternal health outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2015Pooled it
- Exogenous Hormones, Tumor Intrinsic Subtypes, and Breast Cancer.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Association of Occupational and Lifestyle Factors with Mammography-Detected Breast Neoplasia.Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran · 2025Article
- Review
- Prevalence of Breast Cancer Subtypes Among Different Ethnicities and Bangladeshi Women: Demographic, Clinicopathological, and Integrated Cancer Informatics Analysis.Cancer informatics · 2023Article
- Multi-gene panel testing and association analysis in Cypriot breast cancer cases and controls.Frontiers in genetics · 2023Article
- Distinct Reproductive Risk Profiles for Intrinsic-Like Breast Cancer Subtypes: Pooled Analysis of Population-Based Studies.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2022Article
- Age at Menarche, Growth Velocity, and Adiposity Indices in Italian Girls Aged 10 to 14.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Article
- Review
- Article
- Key steps for effective breast cancer prevention.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2020Review
- Prospective breast cancer risk factors prediction in Saudi women.Saudi journal of biological sciences · 2020Article
- Metabolomics and Microbiomes as Potential Tools to Evaluate the Effects of the Mediterranean Diet.Nutrients · 2019Review
- Breast Cancer Risk Factors: a Cross- Cultural Comparison between the West and the EastAsian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2018Article
- The contribution of Cyprus to non-communicable diseases and biomedical research from 2002 to 2013: implications for evidence-based health policy.Health research policy and systems · 2018Article
- Pregnancy-associated breast cancer: the risky status quo and new concepts of predictive medicine.The EPMA journal · 2018Review
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBreast cancer is the most common form of malignancy affecting women worldwide. It is also the leading cancer in females in Cyprus, with approximately 400 new cases diagnosed annually. It is well recognized that genetic variation as well as environmental factors modulate breast cancer risk. The main aim of this study was to assess the strength of associations between recognized risk factors and breast cancer among Cypriot women. This is the first epidemiological investigation on risk factors of breast cancer among the Cypriot female population.
methodsWe carried out a case-control study, involving 1,109 breast cancer patients and a group of 1,177 controls who were recruited while participating in the National screening programme for breast cancer. Information on demographic characteristics and potential risk factors were collected from both groups during a standardized interview. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the strength of the association between each risk factor and breast cancer risk, before and after adjusting for the possible confounding effect of other factors.
resultsIn multivariable models, family history of breast cancer (OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.23, 2.19) was the strongest predictor of breast cancer risk in the Cypriot population. Late menarche (OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.45, 0.92 among women reaching menarche after the age of 15 vs. before the age of 12) and breastfeeding (OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.59, 0.92) exhibited a strong protective effect. In the case of breastfeeding, the observed effect appeared stronger than the effect of pregnancy alone. Surprisingly, we also observed an inverse association between hormone replacement therapy (HRT) although this may be a product of the retrospective nature of this study.
conclusionOverall the findings of our study corroborate with the results of previous investigations on descriptive epidemiology of risk factors for breast cancer. This investigation provides important background information for designing detailed studies that aim to improve our understanding of the epidemiology of breast cancer in the Cypriot population, including the study of gene-environment interactions. Furthermore, our study provides the first scientific evidence for formulating targeted campaigns for prevention and early diagnosis of breast cancer in Cyprus.
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