ReviewPharmacological reviews2010
cGMP-dependent protein kinases and cGMP phosphodiesterases in nitric oxide and cGMP action.
Review in Pharmacological reviews, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 465 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
465 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 1,009 citations in OpenAlex.
- Analysis of Phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) Inhibitors in Modulating Inflammatory Markers in Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of the novel phosphodiesterase 9 inhibitor irsenontrine on CSF proteomics profile in AβAlzheimer's research & therapy · 2026Trial
- Pharmacokinetics and Safety with Bioequivalence of Isosorbide Mononitrate Sustained-Release Tablets in Chinese Healthy Volunteers: Bioequivalence Study.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Trial
- Soluble guanylate cyclase induces cranial vasodilation and headache in adults: a randomized trial.Brain communications · 2025Trial
- Sildenafil for treating patients with COVID-19 and perfusion mismatch: a pilot randomized trial.Critical care (London, England) · 2022Trial
- Comment on: From fibrosis to restoration: the multimodal 3 Ts protocol for Peyronie's disease.International journal of impotence research · 2026Article
- CB2 Receptor Activation Attenuates IL-1β-Induced Inflammatory Transcriptomic Networks in Human Gingival Fibroblasts.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Aortic disease-linked mutations reveal unexpected convergent allosteric mechanisms of protein kinase G misregulation.Science advances · 2026Article
- The NO-cGMP signaling pathway and depression: mechanisms and therapeutic prospects.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Structural basis of phosphodiesterase-5 conformational organization revealed by a PDE6/PDE5 chimera.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- Vericiguat Attenuates Vascular Calcification by Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate-Protein Kinase G Pathway Mediated Suppression of Matrix Metalloproteinase 10.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Integrated Pharmacophore Modeling, Molecular Docking, and Molecular Dynamics Simulations Accelerate the Discovery of Novel PDE1 Inhibitors with Potential for the Treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Mechanisms, precision therapies, and technological frontiers in coronary atherosclerosis: a comprehensive review.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2026Review
- Podocyte specific knockout (KO) of the natriuretic peptide clearance receptor (NPRC) attenuates diabetic kidney disease (DKD).Physiological reports · 2026Article
- Hydrogen sulfide alleviates hyperoxia effects on mitochondria in human developing airway smooth muscle.JCI insight · 2026Article
- eNOS Uncoupling-ER Stress-Mitochondrial Dysfunction Axis in the Development of Pulmonary Hypertension.JACC. Basic to translational science · 2026Article
- Systems biology analysis of vasodynamics in mouse cerebral arterioles during resting state and functional hyperemia.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Nitric oxide synthase activation in nTS is essential to NMDA receptor dependent encoding of the cough reflex.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2026Article
- Pluripotent stem-cell-based screening uncovers sildenafil as a mitochondrial disease therapy.Cell · 2026Article
- Endothelial C-type natriuretic peptide/guanylyl cyclase-B signaling prevents pulmonary arterial hypertension.Nature communications · 2026Article
405 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
To date, studies suggest that biological signaling by nitric oxide (NO) is primarily mediated by cGMP, which is synthesized by NO-activated guanylyl cyclases and broken down by cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs). Effects of cGMP occur through three main groups of cellular targets: cGMP-dependent protein kinases (PKGs), cGMP-gated cation channels, and PDEs. cGMP binding activates PKG, which phosphorylates serines and threonines on many cellular proteins, frequently resulting in changes in activity or function, subcellular localization, or regulatory features. The proteins that are so modified by PKG commonly regulate calcium homeostasis, calcium sensitivity of cellular proteins, platelet activation and adhesion, smooth muscle contraction, cardiac function, gene expression, feedback of the NO-signaling pathway, and other processes. Current therapies that have successfully targeted the NO-signaling pathway include nitrovasodilators (nitroglycerin), PDE5 inhibitors [sildenafil (Viagra and Revatio), vardenafil (Levitra), and tadalafil (Cialis and Adcirca)] for treatment of a number of vascular diseases including angina pectoris, erectile dysfunction, and pulmonary hypertension; the PDE3 inhibitors [cilostazol (Pletal) and milrinone (Primacor)] are used for treatment of intermittent claudication and acute heart failure, respectively. Potential for use of these medications in the treatment of other maladies continues to emerge.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.