ArticleGastroenterology2010
Bowel disturbances are the most important risk factors for late onset fecal incontinence: a population-based case-control study in women.
Article in Gastroenterology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03543566 (Antimuscarinic Medication for Urgency Urinary Incontinence in Women With Dual Incontinence), which is not on this map. Cited by 84 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Antimuscarinic Medication for Urgency Urinary Incontinence in Women With Dual Incontinence (Darifenacin for Treatment of Women With Dual Incontinence)
Who cites it
84 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 189 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global Prevalence of Fecal Incontinence in Community-Dwelling Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association · 2024Pooled it
- Tools for fecal incontinence assessment: lessons for inflammatory bowel disease trials based on a systematic review.United European gastroenterology journal · 2020Pooled it
- Role of diet in fecal incontinence: a systematic review of the literature.International urogynecology journal · 2016Pooled it
- Perianal injectable bulking agents as treatment for faecal incontinence in adults.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2013Pooled it
- Cesarean delivery for the prevention of anal incontinence.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2010Pooled it
- Clinical Trial: Effectiveness and Safety of a Novel Anal Insert Device for Treatment of Faecal Incontinence.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2026Trial
- Clinical efficacy of subsensory sacral neuromodulation in adults with faecal incontinence: The SUBSoNIC crossover randomised controlled trial and cohort follow-up study.Colorectal disease : the official journal of the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland · 2025Trial
- Dietary Intake and Symptom Severity in Women with Fecal Incontinence.International urogynecology journal · 2024Trial
- A randomized double-blind trial of clonidine and colesevelam for women with fecal incontinence.Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2024Trial
- Effects of clonidine in women with fecal incontinence.Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association · 2014Trial
- Thickening of the internal anal sphincter: correlation with external rectal intussusception and associated features at MR proctography and anal manometry.Abdominal radiology (New York) · 2026Article
- Fecal Incontinence as a Marker of Multisystem Cardiopulmonary-Kidney Disease and Mortality in US Adults: : A Nationally Representative Cohort Study.Delaware journal of public health · 2026Article
- Accelerated aging mediates the association between fecal incontinence and mortality: Evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.The Journal of international medical research · 2026Article
- Change in faecal incontinence pattern after gastric bypass surgery: related to change in anal sphincter thickness?International journal of colorectal disease · 2026Article
- The Japan Society of Coloproctology Practice Guidelines for Fecal Incontinence 2024 (Revised Second Edition).Journal of the anus, rectum and colon · 2026Review
- Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An Evidence-Based Practical Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Development and Validation of a Bowel Diary for Fecal Incontinence: Comparison With a Questionnaire.Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2025Article
- Inadequate Propulsion and Pelvic Floor Relaxation in Dyssynergic Defecation: Insights From Synchronous Proctomanometry.Gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Relationship Between Hemoglobin A1c and Fecal Incontinence in a Nationwide Cohort Study.Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2025Article
- Association between pro-inflammatory diet and fecal incontinence: a large population-based study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
24 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND &
aimsAge, diarrhea, and certain chronic illnesses are risk factors for fecal incontinence (FI). However, the contribution of obstetric injury to the development of FI later in life is unclear. We sought to better understand the risk factors for FI.
methodsThrough the Rochester Epidemiology Project, a nested case-control study of 176 randomly selected women with FI (cases; mean age, 58 years) and 176 age-matched community controls was conducted in a population-based cohort from Olmsted County, Minnesota. Risk factors for FI were evaluated by reviewing inpatient and outpatient medical (including original obstetric) records. Analyses focused on conditions that preceded the index date (incidence date of FI for case in each matched pair).
resultsIn 88% of cases, FI began at age ≥40 years; severity was mild (37%), moderate (58%), or severe (5%). By multivariable analysis, current smoking (odds ratio [OR], 4.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4-15), body mass index (OR per unit, 1.1; 95% CI, 1.004-1.1), diarrhea (OR, 53; 95% CI, 6.1-471), irritable bowel syndrome (OR, 4.8; 95% CI, 1.6-14), cholecystectomy (OR, 4.2; 95% CI, 1.2-15), rectocele (OR, 4.9; 95% CI, 1.3-19), and stress urinary incontinence (OR, 3.1; 95% CI, 1.4-6.5), but not obstetric events, were independent risk factors for FI.
conclusionsBowel disturbances rather than prior obstetric injury are the main risk factors for FI. Measures to ameliorate bowel disturbances and other potentially reversible risk factors should be implemented before anal imaging is performed on women with FI.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.