Evidence map›Paper›PMID 20706286›Full record

ArticleCancer gene therapy2010

Plasmid injection and application of electric pulses alter endogenous mRNA and protein expression in B16.F10 mouse melanomas.

L C Heller, Y L Cruz, B Ferraro, H Yang, R Heller

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer gene therapy, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed
2.4field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
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  7. In vitro and in vivo correlation of skin and cellular responses to nucleic acid delivery.Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2022
    Article
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  10. Proteomics-Based Mechanistic Investigation ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2019
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

L C HellerDepartment of Medical Laboratory and Radiation Sciences, Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USA. lheller@odu.edu
Y L Cruz
B Ferraro
H Yang
R Heller
Old Dominion University · USUniversity of South Florida · USFlorida College · US

Funding

Electrically Mediated Delivery of Immunostimulatory DNA to Experimental MelanomasR21CA106860 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA · PI HELLER, LOREE C · 2005 to 2006
$339k
NCI NIH HHS 1 R21 CA106860NCI NIH HHS R21 CA106860
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The application of electric pulses to tissues causes cell membrane destabilization, allowing exogenous molecules to enter the cells. This delivery technique can be used for plasmid gene therapy. Reporter gene expression after plasmid delivery with eight representative published protocols was compared in B16.F10 mouse melanoma tumors. This expression varied significantly based on the pulse parameters utilized for delivery. To observe the possible influence of plasmid injection and/or pulse application on endogenous gene expression, levels of stress-related mRNAs 4 and 24 h after delivery were determined by PCR array. Increases in mRNA levels for several inflammatory chemokines and cytokines were observed in response to plasmid injection, electric pulses alone or the combination. This upregulation was confirmed by individual real-time reverse transcription TaqMan PCR assays. Proteins were extracted at the same time points from identically treated tumors and inflammatory protein levels were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and by a custom multiplex bead array. Increases in inflammatory protein levels generally paralleled mRNA levels. Some differences were observed, which may have been due to differing expression kinetics. The observed upregulated expression of these cytokines and chemokines may aid or inhibit the therapeutic effectiveness of immune-based cancer gene therapies.

Indexed as

AnimalsCytokinesElectroporationGenetic TherapyInjectionsMelanoma, ExperimentalMicePlasmidsRNA, MessengerUp-RegulationCytokinesRNA, Messenger

Identifiers

PMID20706286
PMCPMC2981654
OpenAlexW2077966115

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.