ArticleJournal of virology2010
Primary human mammary epithelial cells endocytose HIV-1 and facilitate viral infection of CD4+ T lymphocytes.
Article in Journal of virology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- The initial interplay between HIV and mucosal innate immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Review
- Mother-to-Child Transmission of Arboviruses during Breastfeeding: From Epidemiology to Cellular Mechanisms.Viruses · 2021Review
- HIV-1 Entry and Prospects for Protecting against Infection.Microorganisms · 2021Review
- Oncogenic Effects of HIV-1 Proteins, Mechanisms Behind.Cancers · 2021Review
- The Manifold Roles of Sphingolipids in Viral Infections.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Review
- Potential for Virus Endogenization in Humans through Testicular Germ Cell Infection: the Case of HIV.Journal of virology · 2020Article
- Mechanisms of HIV-1 cell-to-cell transmission and the establishment of the latent reservoir.Virus research · 2019Review
- Mucosa: Key Interactions Determining Sexual Transmission of the HIV Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- TLR10 Senses HIV-1 Proteins and Significantly Enhances HIV-1 Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Article
- Current Peptide and Protein Candidates Challenging HIV Therapy beyond the Vaccine Era.Viruses · 2017Review
- Release of HIV-1 sequestered in the vesicles of oral and genital mucosal epithelial cells by epithelial-lymphocyte interaction.PLoS pathogens · 2017Article
- Breastfeeding Behaviors and the Innate Immune System of Human Milk: Working Together to Protect Infants against Inflammation, HIV-1, and Other Infections.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Review
- Are T cells the only HIV-1 reservoir?Retrovirology · 2016Review
- Vaccine-induced HIV-1 envelope gp120 constant region 1-specific antibodies expose a CD4-inducible epitope and block the interaction of HIV-1 gp140 with galactosylceramide.Journal of virology · 2014Article
- HIV-1 impairs human retinal pigment epithelial barrier function: possible association with the pathogenesis of HIV-associated retinopathy.Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology · 2014Article
- Transcytosis of HIV-1 through vaginal epithelial cells is dependent on trafficking to the endocytic recycling pathway.PloS one · 2014Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The contribution of mammary epithelial cells (MEC) to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in breast milk remains largely unknown. While breast milk contains CD4(+) cells throughout the breast-feeding period, it is not known whether MEC directly support HIV-1 infection or facilitate infection of CD4(+) cells in the breast compartment. This study evaluated primary human MEC for direct infection with HIV-1 and for indirect transfer of infection to CD4(+) target cells. Primary human MEC were isolated and assessed for expression of HIV-1 receptors. MEC were exposed to CCR5-, CXCR4- and dual-tropic strains of HIV-1 and evaluated for viral reverse transcription and integration and productive viral infection. MEC were also tested for the ability to transfer HIV to CD4(+) target cells and to activate resting CD4(+) T cells. Our results demonstrate that MEC express HIV-1 receptor proteins CD4, CCR5, CXCR4, and galactosyl ceramide (GalCer). While no evidence for direct infection of MEC was found, HIV-1 virions were observed in MEC endosomal compartments. Coculture of HIV-exposed MEC resulted in productive infection of activated CD4(+) T cells. In addition, MEC secretions increased HIV-1 replication and proliferation of infected target cells. Overall, our results indicate that MEC are capable of endosomal uptake of HIV-1 and can facilitate virus infection and replication in CD4(+) target cells. These findings suggest that MEC may serve as a viral reservoir for HIV-1 and may enhance infection of CD4(+) T lymphocytes in vivo.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.