ArticleJAMA2010
Exposure to oral bisphosphonates and risk of esophageal cancer.
Article in JAMA, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 79 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
79 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 224 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bisphosphonates and risk of cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.British journal of cancer · 2020Pooled it
- European guidance for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2019Guideline
- Bisphosphonates and evidence for association with esophageal and gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2015Pooled it
- The carcinogenicity of alendronate in patients with osteoporosis: evidence from cohort studies.PloS one · 2015Pooled it
- European guidance for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2013Guideline
- Bisphosphonate treatment and risk of esophageal cancer: a meta-analysis of observational studies.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2013Pooled it
- Bisphosphonate use and gastrointestinal tract cancer risk: meta-analysis of observational studies.World journal of gastroenterology · 2012Pooled it
- 2010 clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in Canada: summary.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2010Guideline
- Analytic Misjudgment of Drug Safety Evidence and Causality: From the Prosecutor's Fallacy and Simpson's Paradox to Artificial Intelligence.Drug safety · 2026Review
- The necessity of validity diagnostics when drawing causal inferences from observational data: lessons from a multi-database evaluation of the risk of non-infectious uveitis among patients exposed to RemicadeBMC medical research methodology · 2024Article
- Disproportionality analysis of oesophageal toxicity associated with oral bisphosphonates using the FAERS database (2004-2023).Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Age-Related Low Bone Mineral Density in C57BL/6 Mice Is Reflective of Aberrant Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 Signaling Observed in Human Patients Diagnosed with Osteoporosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Toward practical causal epidemiology.Global epidemiology · 2021Article
- Drawing Reproducible Conclusions from Observational Clinical Data with OHDSI.Yearbook of medical informatics · 2021Article
- Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 in Development and Bone Homeostasis.Journal of developmental biology · 2020Review
- Exposure to oral bisphosphonates and risk of gastrointestinal cancer.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2020Article
- Bisphosphonate's Effect on Tongue Mucosa: An Experimental Electron Microscopy Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2020Article
- Therapeutic Dimensions of Bisphosphonates: A Clinical Update.International journal of preventive medicine · 2020Review
- Side effects of drugs for osteoporosis and metastatic bone disease.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2019Review
- Improving reproducibility by using high-throughput observational studies with empirical calibration.Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences · 2018Article
19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
- Commented on by[Not Available].2012
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
contextUse of oral bisphosphonates has increased dramatically in the United States and elsewhere. Esophagitis is a known adverse effect of bisphosphonate use, and recent reports suggest a link between bisphosphonate use and esophageal cancer, but this has not been robustly investigated.
objectiveTo investigate the association between bisphosphonate use and esophageal cancer. DESIGN, SETTING, AND
participantsData were extracted from the UK General Practice Research Database to compare the incidence of esophageal and gastric cancer in a cohort of patients treated with oral bisphosphonates between January 1996 and December 2006 with incidence in a control cohort. Cancers were identified from relevant Read/Oxford Medical Information System codes in the patient's clinical files. Cox proportional hazards modeling was used to calculate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for risk of esophageal and gastric cancer in bisphosphonate users compared with nonusers, with adjustment for potential confounders.
main outcome measureHazard ratio for the risk of esophageal and gastric cancer in the bisphosphonate users compared with the bisphosphonate nonusers.
resultsMean follow-up time was 4.5 and 4.4 years in the bisphosphonate and control cohorts, respectively. Excluding patients with less than 6 months' follow-up, there were 41 826 members in each cohort (81% women; mean age, 70.0 (SD, 11.4) years). One hundred sixteen esophageal or gastric cancers (79 esophageal) occurred in the bisphosphonate cohort and 115 (72 esophageal) in the control cohort. The incidence of esophageal and gastric cancer combined was 0.7 per 1000 person-years of risk in both the bisphosphonate and control cohorts; the incidence of esophageal cancer alone in the bisphosphonate and control cohorts was 0.48 and 0.44 per 1000 person-years of risk, respectively. There was no difference in risk of esophageal and gastric cancer combined between the cohorts for any bisphosphonate use (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.96 [95% confidence interval, 0.74-1.25]) or risk of esophageal cancer only (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.07 [95% confidence interval, 0.77-1.49]). There also was no difference in risk of esophageal or gastric cancer by duration of bisphosphonate intake.
conclusionAmong patients in the UK General Practice Research Database, the use of oral bisphosphonates was not significantly associated with incident esophageal or gastric cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.