ReviewCancer journal (Sudbury, Mass.)
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase: is it an immune suppressor?
Review in Cancer journal (Sudbury, Mass.). The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 96 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
96 citing papers in PubMed, 190 citations in OpenAlex.
- Injectable hydrogel-based localized delivery of IDO-galectin-3 mitigates neuroinflammation and promotes neuronal sparing after spinal cord contusion in rats.Journal of materials chemistry. B · 2026Article
- Platelet Ido1 expression is induced during Plasmodium yoelii infection, altering plasma tryptophan metabolites.Blood advances · 2024Article
- Stable triangle: nanomedicine-based synergistic application of phototherapy and immunotherapy for tumor treatment.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Review
- The role of tryptophan metabolism and tolerogenic dendritic cells in maintaining immune tolerance: Insights into celiac disease pathogenesis.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2024Review
- Biochemical hallmarks-targeting antineoplastic nanotherapeutics.Bioactive materials · 2024Review
- Revolutionizing adjuvant development: harnessing AI for next-generation cancer vaccines.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Druggable targets for the immunopathy of Alzheimer's disease.RSC medicinal chemistry · 2023Review
- Intra-articular delivery of an indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase galectin-3 fusion protein for osteoarthritis treatment in male Lewis rats.Arthritis research & therapy · 2023Article
- Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Delirium-like Behaviour in a Rat Model of Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion Is Associated with Increased Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Expression and Endotoxin Tolerance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Indoleamine-2,3 dioxygenase: a fate-changer of the tumor microenvironment.Molecular biology reports · 2023Review
- Intra-Articular Delivery of an Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Galectin-3 Fusion Protein for Osteoarthritis Treatment in Male Lewis Rats.Research square · 2023Article
- TIGIT signaling and its influence on T cell metabolism and immune cell function in the tumor microenvironment.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- Necroptosis and Alzheimer's Disease: Pathogenic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2023Review
- Unlocking therapeutic potential: integration of drug repurposing and immunotherapy for various disease targeting.American journal of translational research · 2023Review
- GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis restrains intracellularFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- A Fresh Glimpse into Cartilage Immune Privilege.Cartilage · 2022Review
- Significance of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Expression in the Immunological Response of Kidney Graft Recipients.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- The Immunomodulatory Enzyme IDO2 Mediates Autoimmune Arthritis through a Nonenzymatic Mechanism.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2022Article
- The role behind the scenes of Tregs and Th17s in Hashimoto's thyroiditis: Toward a pivotal role of FOXP3 and BACH2.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Immune Status as a Potential Biomarker of Radioiodine Efficacy for Advanced Distant Metastatic Differentiated Thyroid Cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
36 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
This article covers what is currently known about the role of the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) in cancer-related immunosuppression and the clinical research on IDO inhibitors. A PUBMED search was performed using the terms IDO, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, 1-MT. IDO is an inducible enzyme that catalyzes the rate-limiting first step in tryptophan catabolism. This enzyme is overexpressed in response to IFNgamma in a variety of different malignancies. IDO causes immunosuppression through breakdown of tryptophan in the tumor microenvironment and tumor-draining lymph nodes. The depletion of tryptophan and toxic catabolites renders effector T cells inactive and dendritic cells immunosuppressive. Preclinical data suggest that IDO inhibition can delay tumor growth, enhance dendritic cell vaccines, and synergize with chemotherapy through immune-mediated mechanisms. The lead IDO inhibitor, d-1-methyl-tryptophan (d-1-MT), was selected for phase I trials and seems to have immune modulating activity. Subsequently, another isoform of IDO, IDO2, was discovered and found to be the target of d-1-MT. Multiple single-nucleotide polymorphisms in IDO2 affecting its catalytic activity may serve as a pharmacogenetic predictive biomarker for d-1-MT. The IDO pathway is an important mechanism of tumor-related immunosuppression and blocking it could improve cancer immunotherapy outcomes. Clinical development of d-1-MT and other IDO inhibitors as systemic immunomodulators to be combined with other immune modulators, vaccines, and chemotherapy are ongoing.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.