Trial reportPloS one2010
The effect of leflunomide on cycling and activation of T-cells in HIV-1-infected participants.
Trial report in PloS one, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00101374 (A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study to Evaluate the Effect of Leflunomide on HIV-1 Associated Immune Proliferation In Vivo), which is not on this map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study to Evaluate the Effect of Leflunomide on HIV-1 Associated Immune Proliferation In Vivo
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- The Many Faces of Immune Activation in HIV-1 Infection: A Multifactorial Interconnection.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- An open-label randomized controlled trial of leflunomide in patients with acute SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant infection.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Neuropathogenesis of HIV-1: insights from across the spectrum of acute through long-term treated infection.Seminars in immunopathology · 2022Review
- Effects of metabolic cancer therapy on tumor microenvironment.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- Efficacy and safety of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) inhibitors "leflunomide" and "teriflunomide" in Covid-19: A narrative review.European journal of pharmacology · 2021Review
- Leflunomide an immunomodulator with antineoplastic and antiviral potentials but drug-induced liver injury: A comprehensive review.International immunopharmacology · 2021Review
- Leflunomide Suppresses the Growth of LKB1-Inactivated Tumors in the Immune-Competent Host and Attenuates Distant Cancer Metastasis.Molecular cancer therapeutics · 2021Article
- HIV-Related Immune Activation and Inflammation: Current Understanding and Strategies.Journal of immunology research · 2021 · on this mapReview
- Residual immune dysfunction under antiretroviral therapy.Seminars in immunology · 2021Review
- Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitors in SARS-CoV-2 infection.European journal of clinical investigation · 2020Article
- Oral disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and immunosuppressants with antiviral potential, including SARS-CoV-2 infection: a review.Therapeutic advances in musculoskeletal disease · 2020Article
- Antineuroinflammatory drugs in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders as potential therapy.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2019Review
- Assessment and management of musculoskeletal disorders among patients living with HIV.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2017Review
- Teriflunomide and monomethylfumarate target HIV-induced neuroinflammation and neurotoxicity.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2017Article
- HIV as a Cause of Immune Activation and Immunosenescence.Mediators of inflammation · 2017Review
- Inflammation, immune activation, and cardiovascular disease in HIV.AIDS (London, England) · 2016 · on this mapReview
- Rheumatoid arthritis in patients with HIV: management challenges.Open access rheumatology : research and reviews · 2016Review
- CD38 Expression in a Subset of Memory T Cells Is Independent of Cell Cycling as a Correlate of HIV Disease Progression.Disease markers · 2016Article
- Evolving spectrum of HIV-associated rheumatic syndromes.Best practice & research. Clinical rheumatology · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe pathogenesis of immunodeficiency due to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 is incompletely understood, but immune activation is believed to play a central role. Immunomodulatory agents that decrease immune activation may be useful in the treatment of HIV-1 infection. METHODOLOGY: A randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled pilot study of leflunomide for 28 days was performed in participants with HIV-1 infection who were not receiving antiretroviral therapy. Participants randomized to leflunomide were subsequently treated with cholestyramine until leflunomide levels were below detection limit.
findingsTreatment with leflunomide was well tolerated with mostly low-grade adverse events. Leflunomide administration reduced cycling of CD4 T cells (by ex vivo bromodeoxyuridine uptake and Ki67 expression) and decreased expression of activation markers (HLA-DR/CD38 co-expression) on CD8 T cells in peripheral blood. In addition, decreased expression of HIV-1 co-receptors was observed in both CD4 and CD8 T cells in the leflunomide group. There were no significant changes in naïve and memory T cell subsets, apoptosis of T cells or markers of microbial translocation.
conclusionsLeflunomide was effective in reducing immune activation in the setting of chronic HIV-1 infection suggesting that targeting immune activation with immunomodulatory agents may be a feasible strategy.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT00101374.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.