ArticleNephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association2011
Race differences in access to health care and disparities in incident chronic kidney disease in the US.
Article in Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
- The rising global burden of gout attributable to kidney dysfunction: a 30-year trend analysis and projections to 2036.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- Racial disparities and trends in anticoagulant use among ambulatory care patients with atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter in the United States from 2007 to 2019.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Socioeconomic Status and Chronic Kidney Disease Among Black and White Adults: An Analysis of 2017-2020 NHANES.Kidney medicine · 2025Article
- Delays in Referral to Multidisciplinary Care for Black Individuals With Sarcoidosis.CHEST pulmonary · 2025Article
- Balancing Efficiency and Equity in Population-Wide CKD Screening.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Article
- Socioeconomic disparities in kidney transplant access for patients with end-stage kidney disease within the All of Us Research Program.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2024Article
- Racial/Ethnic, Sex, and Economic Disparities in the Utilization and Outcomes of Intracoronary Imaging.Journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions · 2024Article
- Finerenone in Black Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and CKD: A Post hoc Analysis of the Pooled FIDELIO-DKD and FIGARO-DKD Trials.Kidney medicine · 2023Article
- Risk Factors for Incident CKD in Black and White Americans: The REGARDS Study.American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · 2023Observational
- Social determinants of health and the transition from advanced chronic kidney disease to kidney failure.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2023Article
- Testing the Differential Access Hypothesis That Black Kidney Transplant Candidates Perceive Social Network Access to Fewer Potential Living Donors Than White Candidates.Progress in transplantation (Aliso Viejo, Calif.) · 2023Article
- Prevalence of anaemia in adults with chronic kidney disease in a representative sample of the United States population: analysis of the 1999-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.Clinical kidney journal · 2023Article
- Article
- Access to care by Medicare beneficiaries in the U.S. with diabetes and multiple chronic conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic.Journal of diabetes and its complications · 2022Article
- Racial and Sex Disparities in Gout Prevalence Among US Adults.JAMA network open · 2022Article
- Unstable Housing and Kidney Disease: A Primer.Kidney medicine · 2022Review
- Racial Differences in AKI Incidence Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2021Article
- Race Disparities in the Use of Prevention, Screening, and Monitoring Services in Michigan Medicare Beneficiaries With Type 2 Diabetes and Combinations of Multiple Chronic Conditions.Clinical diabetes : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2020Article
- The FDA Metformin Label Change and Racial and Sex Disparities in Metformin Prescription among Patients with CKD.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe contribution of race differences in access to health care to disparities in chronic kidney disease (CKD) incidence in the United States is unknown.
methodsWe examined race differences in usual source of health care, health insurance and CKD incidence among 3883 Whites and 1607 Blacks with hypertension or diabetes enrolled in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. In multivariable analyses, we explored the incremental contribution of access to health care in explaining Blacks' excess CKD incidence above and beyond other socioeconomic, lifestyle and clinical factors.
resultsCompared with Whites, Blacks had poorer access to health care (3 vs 0.3% with no usual source of health care or health insurance, P < 0.001) and experienced greater CKD incidence (14.7 vs 12.0 cases per 1000 person-years, P < 0.001). Blacks' excess risk of CKD persisted after adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle and clinical factors [hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval (95% CI)) = 1.21 (1.01-1.47)]. Adjustment for these factors explained 64% of the excess risk among Blacks. The increased risk for CKD among Blacks was attenuated after additional adjustment for race differences in access to health care [HR (95% CI) = 1.19 (0.99-1.45)], which explained an additional 10% of the disparity. Conclusions. In this population at risk for developing CKD, we found that poorer access to health care among Blacks explained some of Blacks' excess risk of CKD, beyond the excess risk explained by demographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle and clinical factors. Improved access to health care for high-risk individuals could narrow disparities in CKD incidence.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.