Evidence map›Paper›PMID 20686524›Full record

ArticleActa pharmacologica Sinica2010

Novel vehicle based on cubosomes for ophthalmic delivery of flurbiprofen with low irritancy and high bioavailability.

Shun Han, Jin-qiu Shen, Yong Gan, Hai-ming Geng, Xin-xin Zhang, Chun-liu Zhu, Li Gan

Open access · bronzeAbstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Acta pharmacologica Sinica, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
46citing papers in PubMed
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

46 citing papers in PubMed, 170 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Shun HanShanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
Jin-qiu Shen
Yong Gan
Hai-ming Geng
Xin-xin Zhang
Chun-liu Zhu
Li Gan
Chinese Academy of Sciences · CNChina Pharmaceutical University · CNWuhan Science and Technology Bureau · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimTo develop a novel vehicle based on cubosomes as an ophthalmic drug delivery system for flurbiprofen (FB) to reduce ocular irritancy and improve bioavailability.

methodsFB-loaded cubosomes were prepared using hot and high-pressure homogenization. Cubosomes were then characterized by particle size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, particle morphology, inner cubic structure and in vitro release. Corneal permeation was evaluated using modified Franz-type cells. Ocular irritation was then evaluated using both the Draize method and histological examination. The ocular pharmacokinetics of FB was determined using microdialysis.

resultsThe particle size of each cubosome formulation was about 150 nm. A bicontinuous cubic phase of cubic P-type was determined using cryo-transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) observation and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) analysis. In vitro corneal permeation study revealed that FB formulated in cubosomes exhibited 2.5-fold (F1) and 2.0-fold (F2) increase in P(app) compared with FB PBS. In the ocular irritation test, irritation scores for each group were less than 2, indicating that all formulations exhibited excellent ocular tolerance. Histological examination revealed that neither the structure nor the integrity of the cornea was visibly affected after incubation with FB cubosomes. The AUC of FB administered as FB cubosome F2 was 486.36+/-38.93 ng.mL(-1).min.microg(-1), which was significantly higher than that of FB Na eye drops (P<0.01). Compared with FB Na eye drops, the T(max) of FB cubosome F2 was about 1.6-fold higher and the MRT was also significantly longer (P<0.001).

conclusionThis novel low-irritant vehicle based on cubosomes might be a promising system for effective ocular drug delivery.

Indexed as

Drug Delivery SystemsAdministration, TopicalAnimalsAnti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-SteroidalArea Under CurveBiological AvailabilityCorneaFlurbiprofenMaleMicrodialysisMicroscopy, Electron, TransmissionOphthalmic SolutionsParticle SizePermeabilityRabbitsAnti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-SteroidalFlurbiprofenOphthalmic Solutions

Identifiers

PMID20686524
PMCPMC4007820
OpenAlexW2085260077

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.