Trial reportJournal of neuro-oncology2011
Phase II trial of ritonavir/lopinavir in patients with progressive or recurrent high-grade gliomas.
Trial report in Journal of neuro-oncology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Targeted Fluoxetine Delivery Using Folic Acid-Modified PLGA Nanoparticles for Selective Uptake by Glioblastoma Cells.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- The Role of Viruses in the Glioma Tumor Microenvironment: Immunosuppressors or Primers for Anti-Tumor Immunity?Cancers · 2025Review
- Article
- Antiretroviral Drug Repositioning for Glioblastoma.Cancers · 2024Article
- Small molecule inhibitors for cancer metabolism: promising prospects to be explored.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023Review
- Interactions between HIV protease inhibitor ritonavir and human DNA repair enzyme ALKBH2: a molecular dynamics simulation study.Molecular diversity · 2023Article
- The Interleukin-11/IL-11 Receptor Promotes Glioblastoma Survival and Invasion under Glucose-Starved Conditions through Enhanced Glutaminolysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- High myosin binding protein H expression predicts poor prognosis in glioma patients.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Drug Repurposing for Glioblastoma and Current Advances in Drug Delivery-A Comprehensive Review of the Literature.Biomolecules · 2021Review
- Targeting glioma-initiating cells via the tyrosine metabolic pathway.Journal of neurosurgery · 2021Article
- Repurposing old drugs as new inhibitors of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway for cancer treatment.Seminars in cancer biology · 2021Review
- Overcoming cancer therapeutic bottleneck by drug repurposing.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2020Review
- The Impact of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 on the Sequential Steps of the Metastatic Process.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- New drugs are not enough‑drug repositioning in oncology: An update.International journal of oncology · 2020Review
- The Anti-Angiogenic Effects of Anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Drugs.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Review
- Myosin IIA suppresses glioblastoma development in a mechanically sensitive manner.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019Article
- New tricks for an ancient system: Physiological and pathological roles of complement in the CNS.Molecular immunology · 2018Review
- Anticancer and Differentiation Properties of the Nitric Oxide Derivative of Lopinavir in Human Glioblastoma Cells.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Article
- Drug Repurposing of Metabolic Agents in Malignant Glioma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Review
- Impact of Variable RNA-Sequencing Depth on Gene Expression Signatures and Target Compound Robustness: Case Study Examining Brain Tumor (Glioma) Disease Progression.JCO precision oncology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Current therapies for recurrent or progressive high-grade gliomas (HGG, WHO grade 3-4) produce a 6-month progression-free survival of only 10-25%. Migration and invasion by HGG is mediated in part by matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) which promote remodeling of the extracellular matrix. Several HIV protease inhibitors (HIVPI) decrease the expression of MMPs in astrocytes and microglia. Given these mechanisms of antitumor activity of HIVPI, we evaluated the efficacy of ritonavir/lopinavir, a combination HIVPI, in patients with progressive or recurrent HGG in an open label phase II trial. Nineteen patients were treated in this study. Patients received ritonavir/lopinavir (400 mg/100 mg) orally twice daily. All patients were treated until progression of disease or unacceptable toxicity. A complete response was seen in one patient (5%). Three patients (16%) had stable disease as the best response. Fifteen patients (79%) had progressive disease. The 6-month progression free survival (PFS(6)) was 11% (2 of 19 patients). Ritonavir/lopinavir was well tolerated in patients with heavily pretreated refractory HGG, and no grade 3 or 4 toxicity was seen. The activity at the dose and schedule used in this study, however, was modest and the study did not meet its efficacy endpoint.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.