ArticleJournal of clinical microbiology2010
Cholera between 1991 and 1997 in Mexico was associated with infection by classical, El Tor, and El Tor variants of Vibrio cholerae.
Article in Journal of clinical microbiology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Emergence of multidrug resistant, ctx negative seventh pandemic Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor sequence type (ST) 69 in coastal water of Kerala, India.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Genetic Diversity ofIranian journal of pathology · 2020Article
- Changing epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance in Vibrio cholerae: AMR surveillance findings (2006-2016) from Nepal.BMC infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Revisiting the Global Epidemiology of Cholera in Conjuction With the Genomics ofFrontiers in public health · 2019Review
- Sustained Local Diversity of Vibrio cholerae O1 Biotypes in a Previously Cholera-Free Country.mBio · 2016Article
- Article
- Mapping to Support Fine Scale Epidemiological Cholera Investigations: A Case Study of Spatial Video in Haiti.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2016Article
- Article
- Type three secretion system in non-toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1, Mexico.Journal of medical microbiology · 2014Article
- Cholera outbreaks (2012) in three districts of Nepal reveal clonal transmission of multi-drug resistant Vibrio cholerae O1.BMC infectious diseases · 2014Article
- Occurrence in Mexico, 1998-2008, of Vibrio cholerae CTX+ El Tor carrying an additional truncated CTX prophage.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2014Article
- Isolation of Vibrio cholera El Tor Inaba From Lemna minor and Eichhornia crassipens Roots in Veracruz, Mexico.Jundishapur journal of microbiology · 2014Article
- Pre-earthquake non-epidemic Vibrio cholerae in Haiti.Journal of infection in developing countries · 2014Article
- O Serogroup-Specific Touchdown-Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction for Detection and Identification of Vibrio cholerae O1, O139, and Non-O1/Non-O139.Biochemistry research international · 2014Article
- Molecular characterization of the circulating strains of Vibrio cholerae during 2010 cholera outbreak in Nigeria.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2013Article
- Drug response and genetic properties of Vibrio cholerae associated with endemic cholera in north-eastern Thailand, 2003-2011.Journal of medical microbiology · 2013Article
- Cholera outbreaks in Nigeria are associated with multidrug resistant atypical El Tor and non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2013Article
- Genetic characteristics of drug-resistant Vibrio cholerae O1 causing endemic cholera in Dhaka, 2006-2011.Journal of medical microbiology · 2012Article
- Vibrio cholerae classical biotype strains reveal distinct signatures in Mexico.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2012Article
- Re-emergence of Cholera in the Americas: Risks, Susceptibility, and Ecology.Journal of global infectious diseases · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 5 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Vibrio cholerae O1 biotype El Tor (ET), the cause of the current 7th pandemic, has recently been replaced in Asia and Africa by an altered ET biotype possessing cholera toxin (CTX) of the classical (CL) biotype that originally caused the first six pandemics before becoming extinct in the 1980s. Until recently, the ET prototype was the biotype circulating in Peru; a detailed understanding of the evolutionary trend of V. cholerae causing endemic cholera in Latin America is lacking. The present retrospective microbiological, molecular, and phylogenetic study of V. cholerae isolates recovered in Mexico (n = 91; 1983 to 1997) shows the existence of the pre-1991 CL biotype and the ET and CL biotypes together with the altered ET biotype in both epidemic and endemic cholera between 1991 and 1997. According to sero- and biotyping data, the altered ET, which has shown predominance in Mexico since 1991, emerged locally from ET and CL progenitors that were found coexisting until 1997. In Latin America, ET and CL variants shared a variable number of phenotypic markers, while the altered ET strains had genes encoding the CL CTX (CTX(CL)) prophage, ctxB(CL) and rstR(CL), in addition to resident rstR(ET), as the underlying regional signature. The distinct regional fingerprints for ET in Mexico and Peru and their divergence from ET in Asia and Africa, as confirmed by subclustering patterns in a pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (NotI)-based dendrogram, suggest that the Mexico epidemic in 1991 may have been a local event and not an extension of the epidemics occurring in Asia and South America. Finally, the CL biotype reservoir in Mexico is unprecedented and must have contributed to the changing epidemiology of global cholera in ways that need to be understood.
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