ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2010
Neurite beading is sufficient to decrease the apparent diffusion coefficient after ischemic stroke.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 125 papers.
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Who cites it
125 citing papers in PubMed.
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- Clinical Soma and Neurite Density Imaging (SANDI): Translational Microstructure Mapping on Clinical 3T MRI Scanners.Magnetic resonance in medicine · 2026Article
- Dependence of the Extra-Cellular Diffusion Coefficient on the Fractions of Neurites and Cell Bodies in Gray Matter.Magnetic resonance in medicine · 2026Article
- Axon Diameter Mapping From Myelin Water Diffusion MRI.IEEE transactions on medical imaging · 2026Article
- Passive water exchange between multiple sites can explain why apparent exchange rate constants depend on ionic and osmotic conditions in gray matter.Magnetic resonance letters · 2026Article
- White matter microstructure differences in obstructive sleep apnea severity groups assessed by diffusion tensor metrics and biophysical modeling.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- 40 Years of diffusion MRI in the brain: From history to emerging frontiers.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Review
- Validating the neurite exchange imaging (NEXI) model of gray matter using Monte Carlo simulations in numerical substrates.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Validating the standard model of diffusion MRI in white matter with numerical substrates.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Scattering approach to diffusion quantifies axonal damage in brain injury.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Oscillating gradient spin echo diffusion time effects implicate variations in neurite beading for the heterogeneous reduced diffusion in human acute ischemic stroke lesions.Magnetic resonance in medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- High-resolution, volumetric diffusion-weighted MR spectroscopic imaging of the brain.Magnetic resonance in medicine · 2025Article
- Passive water exchange between multiple sites can explain why apparent exchange rate constants depend on ionic and osmotic conditions in gray matter.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- White matter microstructure alterations in early psychosis and schizophrenia.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- White matter alterations in episodic migraine without aura patients assessed with diffusion MRI: effect of free water correction.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Article
- Investigating microstructural changes between in vivo and perfused ex vivo marmoset brains using oscillating gradient and b-tensor encoded diffusion MRI at 9.4 T.Magnetic resonance in medicine · 2025Article
- Spectral principal axis system (SPAS) and tuning of tensor-valued encoding for microscopic anisotropy and time-dependent diffusion in the rat brain.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Article
- Macro- and Microstructural White Matter Differences in Neurologic Postacute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection.AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology · 2024Article
- Intravoxel incoherent motion imaging in stroke infarct core and penumbra is related to long-term clinical outcome.Scientific reports · 2024Article
65 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Abstract
Diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) is a sensitive and reliable marker of cerebral ischemia. Within minutes of an ischemic event in the brain, the microscopic motion of water molecules measured with DWI, termed the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), decreases within the infarcted region. However, although the change is related to cell swelling, the precise pathological mechanism remains elusive. We show that focal enlargement and constriction, or beading, in axons and dendrites are sufficient to substantially decrease ADC. We first derived a biophysical model of neurite beading, and we show that the beaded morphology allows a larger volume to be encompassed within an equivalent surface area and is, therefore, a consequence of osmotic imbalance after ischemia. The DWI experiment simulated within the model revealed that intracellular ADC decreased by 79% in beaded neurites compared with the unbeaded form. To validate the model experimentally, excised rat sciatic nerves were subjected to stretching, which induced beading but did not cause a bulk shift of water into the axon (i.e., swelling). Beading-induced changes in cell-membrane morphology were sufficient to significantly hinder water mobility and thereby decrease ADC, and the experimental measurements were in excellent agreement with the simulated values. This is a demonstration that neurite beading accurately captures the diffusion changes measured in vivo. The results significantly advance the specificity of DWI in ischemia and other acute neurological injuries and will greatly aid the development of treatment strategies to monitor and repair damaged brain in both clinical and experimental settings.
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