ArticleJournal of clinical microbiology2010
Development and application of a broadly sensitive dried-blood-spot-based genotyping assay for global surveillance of HIV-1 drug resistance.
Article in Journal of clinical microbiology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed.
- HIV-1 prevalence, drug resistance, and associated factors in the urban Ethiopian population.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- HIV-1 pretreatment and acquired antiretroviral drug resistance before tenofovir/ /lamivudine /dolutegravir (TLD) roll-out in Mozambique.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Viral Response among Early Treated HIV Perinatally Infected Infants: Description of a Cohort in Southern Mozambique.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Real-Life Feasibility of HIV Drug Resistance Testing Using Dried Filter Analytes in Kenyan Children and Adolescents Living with HIV.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Distinct rates and patterns of spread of the major HIV-1 subtypes in Central and East Africa.PLoS pathogens · 2019Article
- High Levels of HIV-1 Drug Resistance in Children Who Acquired HIV Infection Through Mother to Child Transmission in the Era of Option B+, Haiti, 2013 to 2014.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2019Article
- Article
- A Robust PCR Protocol for HIV Drug Resistance Testing on Low-Level Viremia Samples.BioMed research international · 2017Article
- Viral and Host Characteristics of Recent and Established HIV-1 Infections in Kisumu based on a Multiassay Approach.Scientific reports · 2016Observational
- Article
- Simultaneous Detection of Major Drug Resistance Mutations of HIV-1 Subtype B Viruses from Dried Blood Spot Specimens by Multiplex Allele-Specific Assay.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2016Article
- Viral Genetic Diversity and Polymorphisms in a Cohort of HIV-1-Infected Patients Eligible for Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy in Abuja, Nigeria.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2015Article
- Use of Dried Plasma Spots for HIV-1 Viral Load Determination and Drug Resistance Genotyping in Mexican Patients.BioMed research international · 2015Article
- Field study of dried blood spot specimens for HIV-1 drug resistance genotyping.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2014Article
- HIV-1 drug mutations in children from northern Tanzania.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2014Article
- Article
- Simultaneous detection of major drug resistance mutations in the protease and reverse transcriptase genes for HIV-1 subtype C by use of a multiplex allele-specific assay.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2013Article
- A single early introduction of HIV-1 subtype B into Central America accounts for most current cases.Journal of virology · 2013Article
- Declining trends in early warning indicators for HIV drug resistance in Cameroon from 2008-2010: lessons and challenges for low-resource settings.BMC public health · 2013Article
- Evaluation of quantification of HIV-1 RNA viral load in plasma and dried blood spots by use of the semiautomated Cobas Amplicor assay and the fully automated Cobas Ampliprep/TaqMan assay, version 2.0, in Kisumu, Kenya.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2013Article
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
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Abstract
As antiretroviral therapy (ART) is scaled up in resource-limited countries, surveillance for HIV drug resistance (DR) is vital to ensure sustained effectiveness of first-line ART. We have developed and applied a broadly sensitive dried-blood-spot (DBS)-based genotyping assay for surveillance of HIV-1 DR in international settings. In 2005 and 2006, 171 DBS samples were collected under field conditions from newly diagnosed HIV-1-infected individuals from Malawi (n = 58), Tanzania (n = 60), and China (n =53). In addition, 30 DBS and 40 plasma specimens collected from ART patients in China and Cameroon, respectively, were also tested. Of the 171 DBS analyzed at the protease and RT regions, 149 (87.1%) could be genotyped, including 49 (81.7%) from Tanzania, 47 (88.7%) from China, and 53 (91.4%) from Malawi. Among the 70 ART patient samples analyzed, 100% (30/30) of the Chinese DBS and 90% (36/40) of the Cameroonian plasma specimens were genotyped, including 8 samples with a viral load of <400 copies/ml. The results of phylogenetic analyses indicated that the subtype, circulating recombinant form (CRF), and unique recombinant form (URF) distribution was as follows: 73 strains were subtype C (34%), 37 were subtype B (17.2%), 24 each were CRF01_AE or CRF02_AG (11.2% each), 22 were subtype A1 (10.2%), and 9 were unclassifiable (UC) (4.2%). The remaining samples were minor strains comprised of 6 that were CRF07_BC (2.8%), 5 that were CRF10_CD (2.3%), 3 each that were URF_A1C and CRF08_BC (1.4%), 2 each that were G, URF_BC, and URF_D/UC (0.9%), and 1 each that were subtype F1, subtype F2, and URF_A1D (0.5%). Our results indicate that this broadly sensitive genotyping assay can be used to genotype DBS collected from areas with diverse HIV-1 group M subtypes and CRFs. Thus, the assay is likely to become a useful screening tool in the global resistance surveillance and monitoring of HIV-1 where multiple subtypes and CRFs are found.
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