ReviewFungal genetics and biology : FG & B2011
Regulation of secondary metabolism by chromatin structure and epigenetic codes.
Review in Fungal genetics and biology : FG & B, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 94 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
94 citing papers in PubMed, 211 citations in OpenAlex.
- Histone Acetylation Dynamics Regulate Fungal Development, Pathogenicity, and Mycotoxin Biosynthesis.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- When growth becomes risky: stress-driven sporulation and sexual development in fungi.Stress biology · 2026Review
- Regulatory and metabolic control of microbial biosynthetic gene clusters.Communications biology · 2026Review
- Climate-Driven Regulatory Plasticity Reshapes Mycotoxin Risk and Control in Food Systems.Comprehensive reviews in food science and food safety · 2026Review
- The global regulator LaeA controls expression of genes involved in diverse primary and secondary metabolites biosynthesis and their secretion in fungi.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Comparative Proteomic Analysis ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Polyamine Induction of Secondary Metabolite Biosynthetic Genes in Fungi Is Mediated by Global Regulator LaeA and α-NAC Transcriptional Coactivator: Connection to Epigenetic Modification of Histones.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Regulation and induction of fungal secondary metabolites: a comprehensive review.Archives of microbiology · 2025Review
- The Growth, Pathogenesis, and Secondary Metabolism ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Epigenetic Regulation of Fungal Secondary Metabolism.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Histone H2B lysine 122 and lysine 130, as the putative targets of Penicillium oxalicum LaeA, play important roles in asexual development, expression of secondary metabolite gene clusters, and extracellular glycoside hydrolase synthesis.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2024Article
- The histone deacetylase Hda1 affects oxidative and osmotic stress response as well as mycoparasitic activity and secondary metabolite biosynthesis inMicrobiology spectrum · 2024Article
- An ascomycete H4 variant with an unknown function.Royal Society open science · 2024Article
- Fungal carboxylate transporters: recent manipulations and applications.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2023Review
- Gliotoxin and related metabolites as zinc chelators: implications and exploitation to overcome antimicrobial resistance.Essays in biochemistry · 2023Article
- Light regulation of secondary metabolism in fungi.Journal of biological engineering · 2023Review
- AfLaeA, a Global Regulator of Mycelial Growth, Chlamydospore Production, Pathogenicity, Secondary Metabolism, and Energy Metabolism in the Nematode-Trapping FungusMicrobiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Fungal BGCs for Production of Secondary Metabolites: Main Types, Central Roles in Strain Improvement, and Regulation According to the Piano Principle.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Overview of fungal terpene synthases and their regulation.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2023Review
- Histone H3K4 Methyltransferase PeSet1 Regulates Colonization, Patulin Biosynthesis, and Stress Responses ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2023Article
34 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Chromatin, composed of DNA wrapped around an octamer of histones, is the relevant substrate for all genetic processes in eukaryotic nuclei. Changes in chromatin structure are associated with the activation and silencing of gene transcription and reversible post-translational modifications of histones are now known to direct chromatin structure transitions. Recent studies in several fungal species have identified a chromatin-based regulation of secondary metabolism (SM) gene clusters representing an upper-hierarchical level for the coordinated control of large chromosomal elements. Regulation by chromatin transition processes provides a mechanistic model to explain how different SM clusters located at dispersed genomic regions can be simultaneously silenced during primary metabolism. Activation of SM clusters has been shown to be associated with increased acetylation of histones H3 and H4 and, consequently, inhibition of histone de-acetylase activities also leads to increased production of secondary metabolites. New findings suggest that SM clusters are silenced by heterochromatic histone marks and that the "closed" heterochromatic structures are reversed during SM activation. This process is mediated by the conserved activator of SM, LaeA. Despite the increase in knowledge about these processes, much remains to be learned from chromatin-level regulation of SM. For example, which proteins "position" the chromatin restructuring signal onto SM clusters or how exactly LaeA works to mediate the low level of heterochromatic marks inside different clusters remain open questions. Answers to these and other chromatin-related questions would certainly complete our understanding of SM gene regulation and signaling and, because for many predicted SM clusters corresponding products have not been identified so far, anti-silencing strategies would open new ways for the identification of novel bioactive substances.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.