ArticleToxicology and applied pharmacology2010
Inflammatory effects of inhaled sulfur mustard in rat lung.
Article in Toxicology and applied pharmacology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers.
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Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 115 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effect of atorvastatin on inflammatory markers in sulfur mustard gas induced bronchitis: a randomized double-blinded, placebo-control clinical trial.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2021Trial
- Differential expression of apoptosis markers in early-phase sulfur mustard-induced pulmonary injuries.Journal of molecular histology · 2026Article
- TLR4 Ligation by eNAMPT, a Novel DAMP, is Essential to Sulfur Mustard- Induced Inflammatory Lung Injury and Fibrosis.European journal of respiratory medicine · 2024Article
- Single-cell resolution of human airway epithelial cells exposed to bronchiolitis obliterans-associated chemicals.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2024Article
- Mesna Improves Outcomes of Sulfur Mustard Inhalation Toxicity in an Acute Rat Model.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2024Article
- Targeting Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha to Mitigate Lung Injury Induced by Mustard Vesicants and Radiation.Disaster medicine and public health preparedness · 2023Review
- Chemical exposure and alveolar macrophages responses: 'the role of pulmonary defense mechanism in inhalation injuries'.BMJ open respiratory research · 2023Review
- Melatonin as Modulator for Sulfur and Nitrogen Mustard-Induced Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage: Molecular Therapeutics.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Interaction between alveolar macrophages and epithelial cells duringFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Review
- Possible Treatment Approaches of Sulfur Mustard-Induced Lung Disorders, Experimental and Clinical Evidence, an Updated Review.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Review
- A review of chemical warfare agents linked to respiratory and neurological effects experienced in Gulf War Illness.Inhalation toxicology · 2022Review
- Pulmonary injury and oxidative stress in rats induced by inhaled sulfur mustard is ameliorated by anti-tumor necrosis factor-α antibody.Toxicology and applied pharmacology · 2021Article
- Small-interfering RNA for c-Jun attenuates cell death by preventing JNK-dependent PARP1 cleavage and DNA fragmentation in nitrogen mustard-injured immortalized human bronchial epithelial cells.Toxicology research · 2021Article
- Possible treatment with medicinal herbs and their ingredients of lung disorders induced by sulfur mustard exposures: a review.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2021Review
- Potential of rosmarinic acid to ameliorate toxic effects of diethyl methoxy thio‑phosphoryl thio‑succinate on albino wistar rats' lung, mast cell infiltration inhibitory pathway.Food science & nutrition · 2021Article
- Pulmonary toxicants and fibrosis: innate and adaptive immune mechanisms.Toxicology and applied pharmacology · 2020Review
- Acute cytotoxicity and increased vascular endothelial growth factor after in vitro nitrogen mustard vapor exposure.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2020Article
- Assessment of mustard vesicant lung injury and anti-TNF-α efficacy in rodents using live-animal imaging.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2020Article
- Transcriptional profiling of lung macrophages during pulmonary injury induced by nitrogen mustard.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2020Article
- Disease-modifying treatment of chemical threat agent-induced acute lung injury.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Inhalation of sulfur mustard (SM), a bifunctional alkylating agent that causes severe lung damage, is a significant threat to both military and civilian populations. The mechanisms mediating its cytotoxic effects are unknown and were investigated in the present studies. Male rats Crl:CD(SD) were anesthetized, and then intratracheally intubated and exposed to 0.7-1.4mg/kg SM by vapor inhalation. Animals were euthanized 6, 24, 48h or 7days post-exposure and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) and lung tissue collected. Exposure of rats to SM resulted in rapid pulmonary toxicity, including focal ulceration and detachment of the trachea and bronchial epithelia from underlying mucosa, thickening of alveolar septal walls and increased numbers of inflammatory cells in the tissue. There was also evidence of autophagy and apoptosis in the tissue. This was correlated with increased BAL protein content, a marker of injury to the alveolar epithelial lining. SM exposure also resulted in increased expression of markers of inflammation including cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), each of which has been implicated in pulmonary toxicity. Whereas COX-2, TNFα and iNOS were mainly localized in alveolar regions, MMP-9 was prominent in bronchial epithelium. In contrast, expression of the anti-oxidant hemeoxygenase, and the anti-inflammatory collectin, surfactant protein-D, decreased in the lung after SM exposure. These data demonstrate that SM-induced oxidative stress and injury are associated with the generation of cytotoxic inflammatory proteins which may contribute to the pathogenic response to this vesicant.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.