ArticleRespiratory research2010
Inflammatory changes in the airways of mice caused by cigarette smoke exposure are only partially reversed after smoking cessation.
Article in Respiratory research, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers.
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Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 134 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Evaluation of Acute Exposure to Combustible and Novel Tobacco Products Using an In Vitro Human Airway Organ Tissue Equivalent Model.Journal of applied toxicology : JAT · 2026Article
- Article
- Integrative Genomic and AI Approaches to Lung Cancer and Implications for Disease Prevention in Former Smokers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Chronic Exposure to Two Regimens of Waterpipe Smoke Elicits Lung Injury, Genotoxicity, and Mitochondrial Impairment with the Involvement of MAPKs Activation in Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Aerobic exercise training engages the canonical wnt pathway to improve pulmonary function and inflammation in COPD.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2024Article
- Short-term inhalation exposure to cigarette smoke induces oxidative stress and inflammation in lungs without systemic oxidative stress in mice.Toxicological research · 2024Article
- Cigarette smoke aggravates asthma via altering airways inflammation phenotypes and remodelling.The clinical respiratory journal · 2023Article
- Rapid FEVJournal of Korean medical science · 2023Article
- Smoking Cessation in Mice Does Not Switch off Persistent Lung Inflammation and Does Not Restore the Expression of HDAC2 and SIRT1.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Effects of a nutritional intervention on impaired behavior and cognitive function in an emphysematous murine model of COPD with endotoxin-induced lung inflammation.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- Smoking status impacts treatment efficacy in smoke-induced lung inflammation: A pre-clinical study.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- LSD1-S112A exacerbates the pathogenesis of CSE/LPS-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in mice.BMB reports · 2021Article
- Fourteen days of smoking cessation improves muscle fatigue resistance and reverses markers of systemic inflammation.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- A 6-month inhalation toxicology study in ApoeArchives of toxicology · 2021Article
- The Effects of Maternal Smoking on Pregnancy and Offspring: Possible Role for EGF?Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Article
- The Association Between Lung Fluorodeoxyglucose Metabolism and Smoking History in 347 Healthy Adults.Journal of asthma and allergy · 2021Article
- Oxidative stress mediates the apoptosis and epigenetic modification of the Bcl-2 promoter via DNMT1 in a cigarette smoke-induced emphysema model.Respiratory research · 2020Article
- Electronic cigarette exposure disrupts blood-brain barrier integrity and promotes neuroinflammation.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTobacco smoking irritates and damages the respiratory tract and contributes to a higher risk of developing lung emphysema. At present, smoking cessation is the only effective treatment for reducing the progression of lung emphysema, however, there is hardly anything known about the effects of smoking cessation on cytokine and chemokine levels in the airways. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported in vivo study in which cytokine profiles were determined after cessation of cigarette smoke exposure.
methodsThe severity of airway remodeling and inflammation was studied by analyzing alveolar enlargement, heart hypertrophy, inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue and by determining the cytokine and chemokine profiles in the BALF of A/J mice exposed to cigarette smoke for 20 weeks and 8 weeks after smoking cessation.
resultsThe alveolar enlargement and right ventricle heart hypertrophy found in smoke-exposed mice remained unchanged after smoking cessation. Although the neutrophilic inflammation in the BALF of cigarette smoke-exposed animals was reduced after smoking cessation, a sustained inflammation in the lung tissue was observed. The elevated cytokine (IL-1 alpha and TNF-alpha) and chemokine (CCL2 and CCL3) levels in the BALF of smoke-exposed mice returned to basal levels after smoking cessation, while the increased IL-12 levels did not return to its basal level. The cigarette smoke-enhanced VEGF levels did not significantly change after smoking cessation. Moreover, IL-10 levels were reduced in the BALF of smoke-exposed mice and these levels were still significantly decreased after smoking cessation compared to the control animals.
conclusionThe inflammatory changes in the airways caused by cigarette smoke exposure were only partially reversed after smoking cessation. Although smoking cessation should be the first step in reducing the progression of lung emphysema, additional medication could be provided to tackle the sustained airway inflammation.
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